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Gilt immer noch, dass ein Bauwerkseinsturz der beste Lehrmeister für den Fortschritt des Bauens ist? Oder, anders formuliert: Ist Bauen dann, wenn wir das Bewährte verlassen und Neues wagen, "Experimentieren"? Über die Ursache von Schadensfällen und Einstürzen, die oft mit dem Verlust von Menschenleben verbunden sind, wird nicht gern öffentlich gesprochen. Aber aus Fehlern kann man lernen. Die Lehren und Erfahrungen aus den Schadensauswertungen führen zu mehr Sicherheit und oft zum Innovationsschub. Die Kenntnis der Schadensursachen ist Voraussetzung für ihre zukünftige Vermeidung. Mit diesem Buch liegt eine systematische Zusammenstellung von über 400 Versagensfällen vor, die in besonderer Weise betrachtet werden: Sie werden nach dem Zeitpunkt ihres Auftretens im Lebenszyklus der Brücke, z. B. im Bauzustand oder im Betrieb, und nach den Schadensereignissen, z. B. Anprall oder Erdbeben, geordnet. Die wichtigsten Ursachen sind: menschliches Versagen, mangelnde Aussteifung, Materialversagen oder Überlastung. Es werden vorwiegend Brückeneinstürze, die in der Literatur wenig oder nach dem Urteil des Verfassers nicht vollständig oder nicht zutreffend behandelt sind, ausführlich analysiert. Mit Akribie gesammelt, kompetent und exzellent aufgearbeitet und mit Mut präsentiert, ergibt dies eine unverzichtbare Erkenntnisquelle für jeden Bauingenieur in der Praxis und für das Studium. Ein Katalog von Regeln wurde erstellt. Seine Beachtung kann helfen, Fehler bei Entwurf, Planung und Ausführung zu vermeiden.
Drainage infrastructure systems (culvert, storm sewer, outfall and related drainage elements) are mostly buried underground and are in need of special attention in terms of proactive/preventive asset management strategy. Drainage infrastructure systems represent an integral portion of roadway assets that routinely require inspection, maintenance, repair and renewal. Further challenges are the wide geospatial distribution of these infrastructure assets and environmental exposure. There has been considerable research conducted on culverts, but mostly looked at the problem from a traditional structural/geotechnical perspective. Asset management procedures for culverts and drainage infrastructure systems are complex issues, and can benefit a great deal from an optimal asset management program that draws from programs pertaining to buried pipes. The first and most important step in an asset management initiative is the establishment of mechanism for asset inventory and asset conditions in a format compatible with the routine procedures of field operators and inspectors. The first objective of this research project was to develop field protocols and operational business rules for inventory data collection and management and inspection of drainage infrastructures in terms of types of data to be collected, frequency of inspection, and analysis and reporting mechanisms. After review of these protocols by the project oversight committee, a pilot study was conducted to verify efficiency of their implementation. The condition assessment protocol introduced is useful in evaluating the overall condition of culverts and can be used for decision making regarding the repair, renewal or replacement of culverts. For the second objective of this project, investigators examined the inventory and inspection protocols employed by Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) and developed a decision support platform, which establishes a link between the inspection results and appropriate repair, renewal and replacement procedures. After applying the recommended procedures, the transportation agencies can better track the conditions of culverts thereby reducing the risks of culvert failures.
There are over 2,000 bridges and 20 tunnels throughout New York City that help connect its five boroughs to each other. This book explores several of the best known of these important structures, with authentic text and vivid color photographs. Supports New York City's Grade 2 social studies standard for Unit 1: New York City's Geography 3.1b, 3.1c, 3.1e, 3.2a.
The Transportation Research Board (TRB) and the Division on Earth and Life Studies (DELS) have released the pre-publication version of TRB Special Report 290, The Potential Impacts of Climate Change on U.S. Transportation, which explores the consequences of climate change for U.S. transportation infrastructure and operations. The report provides an overview of the scientific consensus on the current and future climate changes of particular relevance to U.S. transportation, including the limits of present scientific understanding as to their precise timing, magnitude, and geographic location; identifies potential impacts on U.S. transportation and adaptation options; and offers recommendations for both research and actions that can be taken to prepare for climate change. The book also summarizes previous work on strategies for reducing transportation-related emissions of carbon dioxide--the primary greenhouse gas--that contribute to climate change. Five commissioned papers used by the committee to help develop the report, a summary of the report, and a National Academies press release associated with the report are available online. DELS, like TRB, is a division of the National Academies, which include the National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, Institute of Medicine, and National Research Council.
A comprehensive, up-to-the-minute account of bridge management developments for researchers, designers, builders, administrators, and owners Bridge Management draws on Bojidar Yanev's thirty years of research, teaching, and consulting as well as his management of 800 of New York City's 2,200 bridges. It offers an insider's view of the problems to be resolved in bridge management by civil and transportation engineers, budget and asset managers, abstract analysts, and hands-on field workers. The personal search of the author for solutions is juxtaposed with an overview of the dynamic interactions between bridge builders and the social and physical forces shaping the transportation infrastructure over the centuries. Bridge Management uniquely integrates the priorities, constraints, objectives, and tastes governing the domains of structural mechanics, economics, public administration, and field operations at both the project and network levels. It features: A review of current bridge management vulnerabilities, objectives, tools, and products Dozens of case studies illustrating the application of analytic models, and practical developments currently shaping the field Unique chapters exploring the evolution of bridge design, construction, and maintenance, from the origins of deliberate planning to the current integrated lifecycle asset management models
While Americans are generally aware of China's ambitions as a global economic and military superpower, few understand just how deeply and assertively that country has already sought to influence American society. As the authors of this volume write, it is time for a wake-up call. In documenting the extent of Beijing's expanding influence operations inside the United States, they aim to raise awareness of China's efforts to penetrate and sway a range of American institutions: state and local governments, academic institutions, think tanks, media, and businesses. And they highlight other aspects of the propagandistic “discourse war” waged by the Chinese government and Communist Party leaders that are less expected and more alarming, such as their view of Chinese Americans as members of a worldwide Chinese diaspora that owes undefined allegiance to the so-called Motherland.Featuring ideas and policy proposals from leading China specialists, China's Influence and American Interests argues that a successful future relationship requires a rebalancing toward greater transparency, reciprocity, and fairness. Throughout, the authors also strongly state the importance of avoiding casting aspersions on Chinese and on Chinese Americans, who constitute a vital portion of American society. But if the United States is to fare well in this increasingly adversarial relationship with China, Americans must have a far better sense of that country's ambitions and methods than they do now.