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Since the Titanic disaster of 1912, the horrors of major maritime casualties have prompted international conventions and domestic legislation, but the link between events and outcomes (which are often separated by many years) is rarely understood by those working in the maritime industry. This book, the only comprehensive guide to this link, sets forth the major casualties of the last hundred years and explains resulting regulatory changes. Taking a macro-level view, it describes the trends and reactions across decades, and how, over time, focus has shifted from equipment failures to people and their behaviors as the primary cause of maritime casualties. Timely and thorough, it also explores the alarming increase in the criminalization of maritime accidents, especially the relatively recent reclassification of pollution incidents as “environmental crimes.” This book offers broad insight to the history, laws, and conventions that regulate worldwide commercial maritime activity.
Maritime history is littered with maritime casualties involving the loss of vessels, cargo, crew and often passengers. Since the first edition was published over 8 years ago, many serious maritime disasters have occurred.
In Coastal State Jurisdiction over Ships in Need of Assistance, Maritime Casualties and Shipwrecks, Iva Parlov takes a systemic approach in providing a holistic and dynamic understanding of the legal issues raised by ships in peril in the contemporary context.
The MSC adopted a new Code of International Standards and Recommended Practices for a Safety Investigation into a Marine Casualty or Marine Incident (Casualty Investigation Code). Relevant amendments to SOLAS Chapter XI 1 were also adopted, to make parts I and II of the Code mandatory. Part III of the Code contains related guidance and explanatory material. The Code will require a marine safety investigation to be conducted into every marine casualty involving the total loss of the ship or a death or severe damage to the environment. The Code will also recommend an investigation into other marine casualties and incidents, by the flag state of a ship involved, if it is considered likely that it would provide information that could be used to prevent future accidents. The new regulations expand on SOLAS Regulation I/21, which requires administrations to conduct an investigation of any casualty occurring to any of its ships when it judges that such an investigation may assist in determining what changes in the present regulations might be desirable.
Consequences of Maritime Critical Infrastructures Accidents presents a probabilistic general model of critical infrastructure accident consequences. This include three models of the process of the events generated by a critical infrastructure accident, the process of the environment threats and the process of environment degradation. This is all created and adopted to the maritime transport critical infrastructure, with a focus on shipping networks applied to accident consequences modeling. Consequences of Maritime Critical Infrastructures Accidents is devoted to the assessment methods of consequences of environmental damages, with application to ship accidents. It is a new approach that has never been proposed and applied before and includes methods of modeling, identification, prediction and optimization to allow the reader to better understand the effects of these accidents on our oceans. Moreover, the general procedures and the new strategy presented in the book aim to lower environment losses concerned with chemical releases caused by an accident of ship critical infrastructure network operating within the Baltic Sea or world sea waters. - Provides a complete approach to accident consequences modeling, identification, prediction and optimization - Presents the theoretical background, which can be applied practically to maritime critical infrastructure accident consequences analysis - Includes a general model for critical infrastructure accident consequences which is globally applicable and with wide applications in various industrial sectors
​This book presents a study on civil liability for accidents at sea, with a focus on the interests of parties that are not contractually participating in the maritime enterprise. Shipping and the maritime offshore industry are among the most international businesses in the world, and the operation of ships and facilities at sea can involve very different interests in a wide variety of relationships. Although there is an international legal framework that covers the most frequent types of cases, questions remain regarding the interplay of international and national legislation. Addressing those questions, the first part of this study analyses the rules and the limits of international regulation applicable at sea, namely regarding compensation for pollution damage. The second part focuses on the jurisdictional rules and conflict-of-law rules that may be used to deal with cases beyond the scope of international legislation, in accordance with the law of the sea.​
This book discusses in detail the facts and findings related to the X-Press Pearl container vessel accident that occurred in May 2021 off the coast of Colombo, Sri Lanka. The ship was carrying a large consignment of chemicals and diverse hazardous materials that caused a disastrous and vast environmental and social catastrophe in the region. Through many case studies, accumulated knowledge, and experiences, the authors discuss the accident response, risk mitigation, investigation, and damage assessment activities from the very onset of the accident. It helps researchers and regulators understand the facts of this unique marine chemical accident and to formulate necessary future regulations as well as to develop robust safety and sustainability management systems and safety cultures. Features: Written by authorities who led the team involved in accident response and damage assessment Focuses on identifying plausible root causes, pitfalls in accident response, and weaknesses in current regulatory and management protocols Delivers in-depth understanding of a unique marine chemical accident to help formulate necessary future policies and regulations related to such disasters Includes many case studies related to the accident illustrated with photos and figures that are true evidence of the disaster, the response, and the mitigation Explains and discusses key research findings in a streamlined manner understandable for a wide audience A valuable resource for readers in environmental management and policy creation, as well as for researchers, professionals, academics, and students involved in environmental science, chemical engineering, technical safety and sustainability management, maritime, polymer, and ocean sciences. Countries where maritime disasters are a concern will also find this book is an important guide for taking a responsible approach when handling similar situations in the future; not least to avert such events from occurring.
Ocean governance has its legal basis in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and in numerous international maritime conventions. These rules help to balance conflicting interests in the uses of the oceans and seas and the protection and preservation of the marine environment. Their efficiency depends, however, on their enforcement. In 2007 Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Peter Ehlers and Prof. Dr. Rainer Lagoni organized a seminar on 'Enforcement of International and EU Law in Maritime Affairs'. Participants were graduate scholars of the International Max Planck Research School for Maritime Affairs (IMPRS) at the University of Hamburg and graduate students. Their papers cover various aspects of enforcement relating to the new Wreck Removal Convention and to rules of the European Union, such as port State control, enforcement measures in fisheries, the European Maritime Safety Agency (EMSA), protection of maritime boundaries and inquiries into maritime casualties. The volume also includes an analysis of the maritime policy of the EU as a new integrated approach to maritime activities.