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En los últimos años hemos asistido a una ampliación de los conflictos; las aulas, los hospitales, la familia, el trabajo, la comunidad, entre otros, se han convertido en espacios donde, con asiduidad, aparecen este tipo de relaciones. Además esta diversificación ha venido acompañada de un aumento de la complejidad de los conflictos; cada vez resulta más difícil entender cómo se constituyen y desarrollan estos. Este libro presenta una propuesta de análisis; el Mapeo de conflictos. Se trata de mostrar al profesional una técnica que le permita, por un lado, diagnosticar cómo está construido el conflicto y, por el otro lado, establecer los posibles escenarios futuros en los que puede derivar la relación conflictual. La necesidad de procesos de exploración como un paso previo al diseño de estrategias de intervención queda puesta de manifiesto a lo largo de las páginas de este libro. El autor presenta, junto con una gran diversidad de ejemplos, un proceso de aplicación de la técnica a través del desarrollo de un único caso que es usado de manera transversal a lo largo de los diferentes capítulos.
This book explores how different corporate governance strategies affect community mobilization and the scope for influence when an area’s population is faced with the arrival of the extraction industry. Drawing on ethnographic research into Peruvian mining localities, the author analyses a series of relationships which are characterized by confrontations, clientelism, demobilization and strategic collaboration. By presenting a detailed account of micro practices and showing how these processes are interpreted by different groups, Gustafsson offers a refined understanding of the multiple layers and informal workings of power between transnational corporations and local communities.
As demand for natural resources increases due to the rise in world population and living standards, conflicts over their access and control are becoming more prevalent. This book critically assesses different approaches to and conceptualizations of resource fairness and justice and applies them to the analysis of resource conflicts. Approaches addressed include cosmopolitan liberalism, political economy and political ecology. These are applied at various scales (local, national, international) and to initiatives and instruments in public and private resource governance, such as corporate social responsibility instruments, certification schemes, international law and commodity markets. In doing so, the contributions contrast existing approaches to fairness and justice and extend them by taking into account the interplay between political scales, regions, resources, and power structures in "glocalized" resource politics. Various case studies are included concerning agriculture, agrofuels, land grabbing, water resources, mining and biodiversity. The volume adds to the academic and policy debate by bringing together a variety of disciplines and perspectives in order to advance both a research and policy agenda that puts notions of resource fairness and justice center-stage.
This book is a critical resource for understanding the relationship between gender, social policy and women’s activism in Latin America, with specific reference to Chile. Latin America’s mother-centered kinship system makes it an ideal field in which to study motherhood and maternalism—the ways in which motherhood becomes a public policy issue. As maternalism embraces and enhances gender differences, it has been criticized for deepening gender inequalities. Yet invoking motherhood continues to offer an effective strategy for advancing women’s living conditions and rights, and for women themselves to be present in the public sphere. In analyzing these important relationships, the contributors to this volume discuss maternal health, sexual and reproductive rights, labor programs, paid employment, women miners’ unionization, housing policies, environmental suffering, and LGBTQ intimate partner violence.
Discussing many important air pollution issues, the included contributions were presented at the 29th annual meeting in a successful series of international conferences dealing with the Modelling, Monitoring and Management of Air Pollution. The scientific knowledge derived from well-designed studies needs to be allied with further technical and economic studies to ensure cost-effective and efficient mitigation. In turn, the science, technology and economic outcomes are necessary but not sufficient. Increasingly, it is being recognised that the outcome of such research needs to be contextualised within well-formulated communication strategies that help policymakers and citizens to understand and appreciate the risks and rewards arising from air pollution management. Consequently, this volume comprises a wide range of high-quality papers that develop the fundamental science of air pollution and that place these new developments within the frame of mitigation and management of air pollution. Air pollution issues remain one of the most challenging problems facing the international community. The varied research published in this book covers topics such as Air pollution modelling; Aerosols and nanoparticles; Emission studies; Indoor air pollution; Monitoring, measuring and air quality data; Air pollution control technologies; Industrial and transport air pollution; Climate change effects; Emerging air pollutants; Air pollution management, policy and legislation; Low carbon strategies; Biogenic emissions; Biomass emissions; Atmospheric modelling; Pollution dynamics; Air quality forecasting using satellite data; Environmental justice; Interdisciplinary studies on air quality; Transboundary air pollution; Anthropogenic pollution.
An exploration of how writers, artists, and filmmakers expose the costs and contest the assumptions of the Capitalocene era that guides readers through the rapidly developing field of Spanish environmental cultural studies. From the scars left by Franco's dams and mines to the toxic waste dumped in Equatorial Guinea, from the cruelty of the modern pork industry to the ravages of mass tourism in the Balearic Islands, this book delves into the power relations, material practices and social imaginaries underpinning the global economic system to uncover its unaffordable human and non-human costs. Guiding the reader through the rapidly emerging field of Spanish environmental cultural studies, with chapters on such topics as extractivism, animal studies, food studies, ecofeminism, decoloniality, critical race studies, tourism, and waste studies, an international team of US and European scholars show how Spanish writers, artists, and filmmakers have illuminated and contested the growth-oriented and neo-colonialist assumptions of the current Capitalocene era. Focussed on Spain, the volume also provides models for exploring the socioecological implications of cultural manifestations in other parts of the world.
This is the first book in English to present a comprehensive analysis of the October 2019 social outbreak in Chile and its consequences for the country’s political system. For almost 30 years (1990-2019), Chile was recognized as a model of political and economic stability in Latin America, but the 2019 protests put into question the whole structure of representation based on programmatic political parties. This contributed volume analyzes the causes of the social outbreak by examining the interaction between political parties and social movements in Chile since 2000, establishing bridges between the sociology of social movements and the political science of parties and forms of traditional political representation. The book is organized in three parts. The first part analyzes the collapse of the political party system in Chile. The second part shows how social movements introduced innovative forms of political mobilization that challenged the traditional forms of political representation. Finally, the third part presents case studies focusing on specific social movements and their contributions to the renewal of political representation in Chile. The Social Outburst and Political Representation in Chile will be a valuable resource for sociologists, political scientists and other social scientists interested in understanding the challenges posed to political parties and institutions by social movements formed by citizens who no longer see themselves represented by the traditional forms political participation.