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Since the arrival of the "Gypsies," or Romanies, in Europe at the beginning of the eleventh century, Europeans have simultaneously feared and romanticized them. That ambiguity has contributed to centuries of confusion over the origins, culture, and identity of the Romanies, a confusion that too often has resulted in marginalization, persecution, and scapegoating. The Role of the Romaniesbrings together international experts on Romany culture from the fields of history, sociology, linguistics, and anthropology to address the many questions and problems raised by the vexed relationship between Romany and European cultures. The book's first section considers the genesis, development, and scope of the field of Romany studies, while the second part expands from there to consider constructions of Romany culture and identity. Part three focuses on twentieth-century literary representations of Romany life, while the final part considers how the role of the Romanies will ultimately be remembered and recorded. Together, the essays provide an absorbing portrait of a frequently misunderstood people.
"This is the first account of Roma and Gypsy-Travellers from a pan-European perspective. With a comparative focus on Britain and the Czech Republic, it considers their contemporary experiences and needs in the context of their relationship with the rest of society".--BOOKJACKET.
Ghosts and other supernatural phenomena are widely represented throughout modern culture. They can be found in any number of entertainment, commercial, and other contexts, but popular media or commodified representations of ghosts can be quite different from the beliefs people hold about them, based on tradition or direct experience. Personal belief and cultural tradition on the one hand, and popular and commercial representation on the other, nevertheless continually feed each other. They frequently share space in how people think about the supernatural. In Haunting Experiences, three well-known folklorists seek to broaden the discussion of ghost lore by examining it from a variety of angles in various modern contexts. Diane E. Goldstein, Sylvia Ann Grider, and Jeannie Banks Thomas take ghosts seriously, as they draw on contemporary scholarship that emphasizes both the basis of belief in experience (rather than mere fantasy) and the usefulness of ghost stories. They look closely at the narrative role of such lore in matters such as socialization and gender. And they unravel the complex mix of mass media, commodification, and popular culture that today puts old spirits into new contexts.
This is the only study in a Western European language of an important part of the intellectual and cultural history of the Persianate world in its formative phase. Persian dictionaries (farhangs) of the Islamic era, compiled principally in India, represent a unique linguistic undertaking that has no counterpart in pre-modern Europe. Solomon Baevskii (University of St Petersburg, emeritus) based his work on books and manuscripts from South Asia, Iran, Central Asia and Russia, charting the evolution of these documents from lexical and cultural-historical perspectives. Published originally in Russian in 1989, the book is here presented in a new English edition, revised and updated by John Perry, Professor of Persian at the University of Chicago.
Gypsies and Travllers in Britain are at a crisis point where the survival of their way of life into the new millennium is in doubt. This book describes the Gypsy and Traveller population in Britain as it is, as well as the stereotypes that abound and show how, although harassed as a minority, they have not, in practice, had the protection which the law should afford to minorities. Gypsies and Travellers are still on the verge of society. It discusses the legislation that has been brought in to control their movements and reviews their relationships with the police as well as local and central government agencies. Finally, it looks at the emerging interest the European organizations are taking in the nomad populations.
The popular image of Scotland is dominated by widely recognized elements of Celtic culture. But a significant non-Celtic influence on Scotland's history has been largely ignored for centuries? This book argues that much of Scotland's history and culture from 1100 forward is Jewish. The authors provide evidence that many of the national heroes, villains, rulers, nobles, traders, merchants, bishops, guild members, burgesses, and ministers of Scotland were of Jewish descent, their ancestors originating in France and Spain. Much of the traditional historical account of Scotland, it is proposed, rests on fundamental interpretive errors, perpetuated in order to affirm Scotland's identity as a Celtic, Christian society. A more accurate and profound understanding of Scottish history has thus been buried. The authors' wide-ranging research includes examination of census records, archaeological artifacts, castle carvings, cemetery inscriptions, religious seals, coinage, burgess and guild member rolls, noble genealogies, family crests, portraiture, and geographic place names.