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Este texto se desarrolló para estudiantes y profesionales de la psicología, interesados en contar con un libro que los guie en la aplicación de la técnica de manejo de contingencias para problemas de crianza y disciplina. Está diseñado pensando en padres de familia y el interés por elaborar un libro de este tipo surgió por dos razones. La primera de ellas es que, al trabajar en el campo de la psicología clínica, es muy común atender quejas de padres con respecto al comportamiento de sus hijos y en segundo lugar, al trabajar en la docencia, los estudiantes muestran interés por aprender a aplicar diferentes técnicas psicológicas, entre ellas, el manejo de contingencias. Aquí se presenta un programa para entrenar a los padres en el manejo de contingencias para cambiar conductas indeseables o inapropiadas en sus hijos. Se diseñó de forma tal que debe llevar a los padres a entender que lo que ellos hacen o dejan de hacer con respecto a sus hijos, juega un papel fundamental en lo que ellos valoran como un problema que simplemente les tocó. El libro está desarrollado para aplicarse en seis sesiones, de forma grupal, considerando un tiempo promedio en un espacio institucional, aunque cabe señalar que un programa de entrenamiento avanza de acuerdo al cumplimiento de objetivos por parte de los participantes. Incluye objetivos, cartas descriptivas y actividades para cada sesión. Es susceptible de modificaciones que permitan adaptar este entrenamiento a poblaciones, espacios o tiempos específicos.
Los padres poseen un extraordinario potencial para generar cambios en sus hijos, lo que ha impulsado el diseño y aplicación de programas de entrenamiento destinados a proporcionales conocimientos teóricos, estrategias, habilidades y destrezas que les permitan actuar como agentes o coagentes en dichos cambios. Este entrenamiento requiere una planificación cuidadosa por parte del profesional que lo va a llevar a cabo, tanto de las variables que intervienen en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje como de los contenidos y actividades a desarrollar en función de los objetivos que se pretende conseguir. Así, el profesional ha de tener claro cómo se elabora un programa de entrenamiento, cuáles son las variables que con mayor frecuencia los hacen fracasar, cómo se pueden prevenir los problemas y las limitaciones que conlleva, así como las consideraciones legales y éticas que se han de tener en cuenta. Este libro es una guía para el diseño, aplicación y evaluación del entrenamiento para los padres, tanto en el contexto individual como en las escuelas de padres. Su lectura se recomienda a los profesionales que trabajan con padres, niños y familias (psicólogos, maestros, pedagogos, trabajadores sociales, pediatras, etc.), ya que se trata de una herramienta que contiene los conocimientos, estrategias, habilidades y destrezas de uso más frecuente, y de eficacia probada, para la formación de los padres como agentes del cambio de la conducta de sus hijos.
First published in 2003. Children's Friendship Training is a complete manualized guide for therapists treating children with peer problems. This unique, empirically validated treatment is the first to integrate parents into the therapy process to ensure generalization to school and home. Representing over twelve years of research, Children's Friendship Training presents the comprehensive social skills training program developed by these pioneering authors. Step-by-step interventions help children develop the skills to initiate mutually satisfying social interactions. These interactions can lead to higher regard within the peer group and the development of satisfying dyadic relationships that will, in turn, serve to enhance overall well being. Clinical and empirical rationales, illustrative case examples and parent handouts that educate parents and give specific guidelines for homework assignments are presented for each treatment module. Brief relevant reviews of the child development literature and selective reviews of assessment techniques and other approached to children's social skills training are presented to sufficiently acquaint therapists interested in implementing children's friendship training.
The 'Pocket Guide to Health Promotion' is a short, punchy and practical guide aimed at students and practitioners. The book includes precise definitions and examples of key concepts and methods in health promotion practice and a chapter by chapter description of the management planning, strategy selection, implementation and evaluation of health promotion programmes. Written in an accessible and concise style, the book offers the reader a practical and flexible resource that is ideal for students and practitioners looking to plan and implement health promotion activities. A must buy for those new to health promotion or who want a pocket guide to this core health activity. "Clearly written and practical, this excellent guide will prove indispensible to practitioners of health promotion globally, and a very useful starting point for students. It will be worth buying a pocket to put it in!" David Ross, Professor of Epidemiology and International Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK "The Pocket Guide to Health Promotion is easy to navigate with complex concepts in health promotion explained in a user-friendly way. Whether you are practicing health promotion or studying the discipline, this will be a welcome addition to any book shelf." Dr James Woodall, Co-Director of the Centre for Health Promotion Research & Course Leader MSc Public Health, Leeds Metropolitan University, UK
Recommendations by the National Council on Education Standards and Testing (NCEST) are provided concerning whether national standards and a system of assessments are desirable and feasible and how national standards and a system of assessments are to be developed and implemented. The NCEST found that the absence of explicit national standards keyed to world-class levels of performance severely hampers the ability to monitor the nation's progress toward the six national education goals. Without well-defined and demanding standards, American education has gravitated toward "de facto" national minimum expectations, with curricula focusing on low-level reading and arithmetic skills and on small amounts of factual material in other content areas. Most current assessment methods cannot determine if students are acquiring the skills/knowledge they need to prosper in the future. These assessments reinforce the emphasis on low-level skills and processing bits of data rather than on problem solving and critical thinking. It is concluded that high national education standards and a voluntary linked system of assessments are desirable and feasible mechanisms for raising expectations, revitalizing instruction, and rejuvenating education reform efforts for all American schools and students. The NCEST will work toward local commitment to high national expectation for achievement for all students, and toward developing Federal, state, and local policies that ensure high quality resources (instructional materials and well-prepared teachers). Acknowledgments; authorization for the NCEST; public comments; the six national education goals; and reports of the standards, assessment, implementation, English, mathematics, science, history, and geography task forces of the NCEST are appended. (RLC)
Now and After: The ABC of Communist Anarchism is an introduction to the principles of anarchism and anarchist communism written by Alexander Berkman. The anarchist movement was under siege during the 1920s and, in an effort to revive the movement, the Jewish Anarchist Federation in New York asked Berkman to write an introduction to anarchism intended for the general public. By presenting the principles of anarchism in plain language, the New York anarchists hoped that readers might be swayed to support the movement or, at a minimum, that the book might improve the image of anarchism and anarchists in the public's eyes. Berkman's work explains anarchist philosophy in terms that uninitiated readers can understand. Because of its presentation of anarchist philosophy in plain language, Now and After has become one of the best-known introductions to anarchism in print.