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This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Microdevices and Microsystems for Cell Manipulation" that was published in Micromachines
This book delves into the recent developments in the microscale and microfluidic technologies that allow manipulation at the single and cell aggregate level. Expert authors review the dominant mechanisms that manipulate and sort biological structures, making this a state-of-the-art overview of conventional cell sorting techniques, the principles of microfluidics, and of microfluidic devices. All chapters highlight the benefits and drawbacks of each technique they discuss, which include magnetic, electrical, optical, acoustic, gravity/sedimentation, inertial, deformability, and aqueous two-phase systems as the dominant mechanisms utilized by microfluidic devices to handle biological samples. Each chapter explains the physics of the mechanism at work, and reviews common geometries and devices to help readers decide the type of style of device required for various applications. This book is appropriate for graduate-level biomedical engineering and analytical chemistry students, as well as engineers and scientists working in the biotechnology industry.
Robotics for Cell Manipulation and Characterization provides fundamental principles underpinning robotic cell manipulation and characterization, state-of-the-art technical advances in micro/nano robotics, new discoveries of cell biology enabled by robotic systems, and their applications in clinical diagnosis and treatment. This book covers several areas, including robotics, control, computer vision, biomedical engineering and life sciences using understandable figures and tables to enhance readers' comprehension and pinpoint challenges and opportunities for biological and biomedical research. - Focuses on, and comprehensively covers, robotics for cell manipulation and characterization - Highlights recent advances in cell biology and disease treatment enabled by robotic cell manipulation and characterization - Provides insightful outlooks on future challenges and opportunities
Microbubbles and nanobubbles have several characteristics that are comparable with millimeter- and centimeter-sized bubbles. These characteristics are their small size, which results in large surface area and high bioactivity, low rising velocity, decreased friction drag, high internal pressure, large gas dissolution capacity, negatively charged surface, and ability to be crushed and form free radicals. Microbubbles and nanobubbles have found applications in a variety of fields such as engineering, agriculture, environment, food, and medicine. Microbubbles have been successfully used in aquacultures of oysters in Hiroshima, scallops in Hokkaido, and pearls in Mie Prefecture, Japan. This field has shown a strong potential for growth. This book comprehensively discusses microbubbles and nanobubbles and their application in aquaculture, environment, engineering, medicine, stock raising, agriculture, and marine industry. It presents their potential as a new technology that can be utilized globally.
This book will familiarize the reader with recent advances in echo imaging technology with special emphasis on echo enhancing agents. Several important strides have been made in this field during the past few years, especially in the contrast enhancement of conventional and color Doppler images. The book begins with chapters on the history of contrast echocardiography, the principles of contrast echo and descriptions of new contrast agents capable of transpulmonary passage following intravenous injection. Safety issues in contrast echocardiography are also discussed. The second section of the book deals with clinical uses of echo contrast agents. Their usefulness in the identification of cardiac structures and assessment of pathological lesions using both transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography are fully discussed. Technical and practical considerations in the use of various contrast agents are also described. The use of contrast echo in the identification of cardiac sources of embolism as well as possible mechanisms and clinical significance of spontaneous contrast echoes are also covered. Six chapters fully discuss the basics of contrast enhancement of conventional and color Doppler images and its clinical utility in the noninvasive assessment of pulmonary artery pressure, regurgitant and stenotic lesions and in the delineation of coronary arteries. Another chapter describes the non-cardiac applications of the echo contrast enhancement technique. The final section of the book investigates the role of echo contrast enhancement in quantitative cardiovascular analysis.
Pharmaceutical formulations have evolved from simple and traditional systems to more modern and complex novel dosage forms. Formulation development is a tedious process and requires an enormous amount of effort from many different people. Developing a stable novel dosage form and further targeting it to the desired site inside the body has always been a challenge. The purpose of this book is to bring together scholarly articles that highlight recent developments and trends in pharmaceutical formulation science. Each article has been written by authors specializing in the subject area and hailing from top institutions around the world. The book has been written in a systematic and lucid style explaining all basic concepts and fundamentals in a very simple way. This book aims to serve the need of all individuals involved at any level in the pharmaceutical dosage form development. I sincerely hope that the book will be liked by inquisitive students and learned colleagues.
Within this volume is a thorough coverage of the fundamental principles embracing modern theories of colloid chemistry applied to mineral processing. It is written in respect for Dr. J.A. Kitchener, distinguished Reader in the Science of Mineral Processing in the Royal School of Mines, Imperial College, University of London (recently retired). Dr. Kitchener's expertise in colloid chemistry has led to numerous fundamental insights and practical advances in flotation, selective flocculation, and the treatment of slimes. Colloid chemistry is inevitably involved in all aspects of mineral processing, ranging from how collectors selectively adsorb on to mineral surfaces in flotation, to the forces which control the stability of dispersions of submicron particles, as well as embracing the behaviour of hydrolyzed metal ions in solid-water slurries. The intelligent use of this information is essential in the effective design of separation processes and strategies by the mineral processor. Up to date bibliographies are included at the end of each of the 13 chapters making this volume a useful general resource for researchers, students and mineral processors.
The cutting-edge guide on advancing the science of molecular imaging using nanoparticles Nanoplathform-Based Molecular Imaging provides rationale for using nanoparticle-based probes for molecular imaging, then discusses general strategies for this underutilized, yet promising, technology. It addresses general strategies of particle synthesis and surface chemistry, applications in computed tomography optical imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound, multimodality imaging, theranostics, and finally, the clinical perspectives of nanoimaging. This comprehensive volume summarizes the opinions of those in the forefront of research and describes the latest developments by emphasizing fundamentals and initiating hands-on application.
The book provides a single volume covering detailed descriptions about various delivery systems, their principles and how these are put in use for the treatment of multiple diseases. It is divided into four sections where the first section deals with the introduction and importance of novel drug delivery system. The second section deals with the most advanced drug delivery systems like microbubbles, dendrimers, lipid-based nanoparticles, nanofibers, microemulsions etc., describing the major principles and techniques of the preparations of the drug delivery systems. The third section elaborates on the treatments of diverse diseases like cancer, topical diseases, tuberculosis etc. The fourth and final section provides a brief informative description about the regulatory aspects of novel drug delivery system that is followed in various countries.
Microbubbles are small (