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The Volta River Basin (VRB) is an important transboundary basin in West Africa that covers approximately 410,000 square kilometres across six countries: Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana, Mali and Togo. Its natural resources sustain the livelihoods of its population and contribute to economic development. This book provides a comprehensive, interdisciplinary review and assessment of the issues and challenges faced. The authors provide a science-based assessment of current and future scenarios of water availability, the demands of key sectors, including agriculture and hydropower, and the environment under changing demographic, economic, social and climatic conditions. They also identify solutions and strategies that will allow available water resources to be sustainably used to improve agricultural productivity, food security and economic growth in the VRB. Overall, the work examines from a multidisciplinary and multi-stakeholder perspective the solutions and strategies to improve the use of water and other natural resources in the VRB to achieve enhanced food security, livelihoods and economic growth.
Water resources play an essential role in all aspects of human life and activities. All living organisms need water for survival. Due to increased demand for water, appropriate water resources management should be established. This book covers various aspects of water resources management, including their use for different purposes and impacts of natural factors and anthropogenic pressures on water resources. Climate changes affect water resources, causing floods and droughts. All human activities such as water supply, irrigation, navigation, hydropower, tourism and recreation use water resources. The natural and anthropogenic impacts cause a decline in water quantity and the degradation of water quality. Water resources are especially important in protected areas and management of them in these areas is a specific challenge. Adequate water resources management should address all water related issues, to establish an institutional and legal framework, as well as the cooperation of all relevant actors in this field at national and international level. Water reuse, such as wastewater management is also an important challenge. This book provides some models and methods which are used for water resources estimation, their vulnerability and exposure to natural and anthropogenic influences. Taking into account various aspects of water related topics, application of diverse models and methods in different geographical areas, the book Water Resources Management: Methods, Applications and Challenges could help policy and decision makers as well as other stakeholders in finding the solutions of some water related problems.
Water Management in Africa and the Middle East: Challenges and Opportunities
The management of water resources is extremely important for survival. Depending on the climate, certain regions require different strategies to maintain sustainable hydrological systems. Hydrology and Best Practices for Managing Water Resources in Arid and Semi-Arid Lands is a crucial scholarly resource that outlines current trends in water management and offers solutions for the future of this growing field. Highlighting pertinent topics such as hydrological processes modelling, satellite hydrology, water pollution, and climate resources, this publication is ideal for environmental engineers, academicians, graduate students, and researchers that are eager to discover more about the issues and processes currently shaping water management technology.
Projects implementation in may Sub Saharan countries are always established to allieviate perceived need. In the case of water, the aim is to provide clean safe water to communities in needs. In most rural areas and in conflict prone areas, such kind of projects faces enormous challanges. South Sudan have been in war for decade and sectorian conflict affect many communities living in the rural areas. A number of factors affect the management of community water projects. Some of these risk factors are associated with conflict and continued political unrest in many sub saharan Africa. The most striking ones include competition among water service providers, use sub-standard equipment, political leaders interferences, limited finances, insufficient use of existing policies, incomplete project implementation and poor governance. The book is derived from a study carried in order to dentifiy, analyse and respond to risks arising either positively or negatively that affect the water projects rendering community at risk. A mixed research methods that involved both primary and secondary data sources was used to collect date for this book. A purposive sampling method used utilizing semi-structured questionnaires and interviews in order to collect releveance data and analyze the risks involved in the community water kiosks in South Sudan. Successsful community water project require holistic approach that should involves all the stakeholders, strengheneing institutional capacity and enactment of better laws and regulations including contract laws. In addition the use of modern business tools and techniques including cost management, operational management, risk management and project management can greatly enhance the performance of the water kiosk projects.
First Published in 2009. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
This book offers a broad and global level description of the current status of wastewater use in agriculture and then brings the readers to various places in the MENA Region and Europe to explain how some countries and regions have addressed the challenges during implementation. On a global scale, over 20 million hectares of agricultural land are irrigated using wastewater. This is one good, and perhaps the most prominent, example of the safe use potential of wastewater. Water scarcity and the cost of energy and fertilisers are among the main factors driving millions of farmers and other entrepreneurs to make use of wastewater. In order to address the technical, institutional, and policy challenges of safe water reuse, developing countries and countries in transition need clear institutional arrangements and more skilled human resources, with a sound understanding of the opportunities and potential risks of wastewater use. Stakeholders in wastewater irrigation who need to implement from scratch or improve current conditions, find it difficult to gather the necessary information on practical implementation aspects. The main objective of this book is to bridge that gap.
Released every three years since March 2003, the United Nations World Water Development Report (WWDR), a flagship UN-Water report published by UNESCO, has become the voice of the United Nations system in terms of the state, use and management of the world's freshwater resources. The report is primarily targeted at national decision-makers and water resource managers, but is also aimed at educating and informing a broader audience, from governments to the private sector and civil society. It underlines the important roles water plays in all social, economic and environmental decisions, highlighting policy implications across various sectors, from local and municipal to regional and international levels. Similarly to the first two editions, this report includes a comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of several key challenge areas, such as water for food, energy and human health, and governance challenges such as institutional reform, knowledge and capacity-building, and financing, each produced by individual UN agencies.
This book offers the first comprehensive treatment of multi-level water governance, developing a conceptual and analytical framework that captures the complexity of real water governance systems while also introducing different approaches to comparative analysis. Applications illustrate how the ostensibly conflicting goals of deriving general principles and of taking context-specific factors into account can be reconciled. Specific emphasis is given to governance reform, adaptive and transformative capacity and multi-level societal learning. The sustainable management of global water resources is one of the most pressing environmental challenges of the 21st century. Many problems and barriers to improvement can be attributed to failures in governance rather than the resource base itself. At the same time our understanding of complex water governance systems largely remains limited and fragmented. The book offers an invaluable resource for all researchers working on water governance topics and for practitioners dealing with water governance challenges alike.