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This book summarizes the main problems posed by the design of a man–machine dialogue system and offers ideas on how to continue along the path towards efficient, realistic and fluid communication between humans and machines. A culmination of ten years of research, it is based on the author's development, investigation and experimentation covering a multitude of fields, including artificial intelligence, automated language processing, man–machine interfaces and notably multimodal or multimedia interfaces.
Speech and Human-Machine Dialog focuses on the dialog management component of a spoken language dialog system. Spoken language dialog systems provide a natural interface between humans and computers. These systems are of special interest for interactive applications, and they integrate several technologies including speech recognition, natural language understanding, dialog management and speech synthesis. Due to the conjunction of several factors throughout the past few years, humans are significantly changing their behavior vis-à-vis machines. In particular, the use of speech technologies will become normal in the professional domain, and in everyday life. The performance of speech recognition components has also significantly improved. This book includes various examples that illustrate the different functionalities of the dialog model in a representative application for train travel information retrieval (train time tables, prices and ticket reservation). Speech and Human-Machine Dialog is designed for a professional audience, composed of researchers and practitioners in industry. This book is also suitable as a secondary text for graduate-level students in computer science and engineering.
This book serves as an introduction to HMC as a specific area of study within communication and to the research possibilities of HMC. The research presented here focuses on people's interactions with multiple technologies used within different contexts from a variety of epistemological and methodological approaches.
Provides a valuable overview of human-machine interaction in technological systems, with particular emphasis on recent advances in theory, experimental and analytical research, and applications related to man-machine systems. Topics covered include: Automation and Operator - task analysis, decision support, task allocation, management decision support, supervisory control, artificial intelligence, training and teaching, expert knowledge; System Concept and Design - software ergonomics, fault diagnosis, safety, design concepts; Man-machine Interface - interface design, graphics and vision, user adaptive interfaces; Systems Operation - process industry, electric power, aircraft, surface transport, prostheses and manual control. Contains 53 papers and three discussion sessions.
"Written in a lively and entertaining style, this little book, which deals with topics such as 'personhood,' animal rights, and artificial intelligence . . . makes some rather difficult philosophical points clear in an unpedantic fashion." -- M E Winston, Trenton State College
This volume provides a state-of-the-art review of the development and future use of man-machine systems in all aspects of business and industry. The papers cover such topics as human-computer interaction, system design, and the impact of automation in general, and also by the use of case studies describe a wide range of applications in such areas as office automation, transportation, power plants, machinery and manufacturing processes and defence systems. Contains 73 papers.
How do companies in high labor cost countries manage to remain competitive? In western manufacturing, the more manual a process, the more severe the competitive handicap of high wages. Full automation would make labor costs irrelevant but remain impractical in most industries. Most successful manufacturing processes in advanced economies are neither fully manual nor fully automatic -- they involve interactions between small numbers of highly skilled people and machines that account for the bulk of the manufacturing costs and thereby remain competitive. In Working with Machines: The Nuts and Bolts of Lean Operations With Jidoka, author Michel Baudin explains how performance differences that can be observed from one factory to the next are due to the way people use the machines -- from the human interfaces of individual machines to the linking of machines into cells, the management of monuments and common services, automation, maintenance, and production control.
This volume's goal is to begin to document the dialogue processes in naturally-occurring human tutoring, in the context of informing the design of intelligent tutoring systems, and of interactive systems in general. This project represents the first empirical study of human tutorial dialogue from a conversation analytic perspective -- the conversational interaction is the focus of analysis rather than larger scale techniques for teaching. It is also the first study of tutoring to make use of large quantities of carefully transcribed tutoring conversations/dialogues. The motivation for this focus comes from two sources: First, although all tutoring systems have implicit theory or theories of minute-level interaction built into them, little research has been done to form an empirical foundation for such theories. Therefore, current systems tend to be based on the designers' intuitions rather than on data. This fact almost certainly makes systems unnecessarily brittle in actual use. Second, of the small but growing collection of empirical studies of tutoring, almost all have been designed and carried out by computer scientists, whose training naturally leads them to be concerned with interaction at the level of knowledge transfer and teaching techniques. Fox's training as a linguist brings attention to the minute-by-minute details of the interaction, in particular to the processes that bring the interaction into existence and allow it to develop relatively smoothly.
'A gripping new drama in science ... if you want to understand how the concept of life is changing, read this' Professor Andrew Briggs, University of Oxford When Darwin set out to explain the origin of species, he made no attempt to answer the deeper question: what is life? For generations, scientists have struggled to make sense of this fundamental question. Life really does look like magic: even a humble bacterium accomplishes things so dazzling that no human engineer can match it. And yet, huge advances in molecular biology over the past few decades have served only to deepen the mystery. So can life be explained by known physics and chemistry, or do we need something fundamentally new? In this penetrating and wide-ranging new analysis, world-renowned physicist and science communicator Paul Davies searches for answers in a field so new and fast-moving that it lacks a name, a domain where computing, chemistry, quantum physics and nanotechnology intersect. At the heart of these diverse fields, Davies explains, is the concept of information: a quantity with the power to unify biology with physics, transform technology and medicine, and even to illuminate the age-old question of whether we are alone in the universe. From life's murky origins to the microscopic engines that run the cells of our bodies, The Demon in the Machine is a breath-taking journey across the landscape of physics, biology, logic and computing. Weaving together cancer and consciousness, two-headed worms and bird navigation, Davies reveals how biological organisms garner and process information to conjure order out of chaos, opening a window on the secret of life itself.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Text, Speech and Dialogue, TSD 2007, held in Pilsen, Czech Republic, September 3-7, 2007. The 80 revised full papers presented together with 4 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 198 submissions. The papers present a wealth of state-of-the-art research results in the field of natural language processing with an emphasis on text, speech, and spoken dialogue ranging from theoretical and methodological issues to applications in various fields and with special focus on corpora, texts and tra.