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Respiratory problems are the most common cause of acute admission to hospital. A variety of diagnostic investigations are required, both for acute and clinic assessment. Making Sense of Lung Function Tests, Second Edition familiarises both trainees and more experienced clinicians with the interpretation of a range of respiratory parameters. It places lung function in a clinical context using real-life examples and provides invaluable hands-on guidance. For this second edition Consultant Respiratory Physician Jonathan Dakin and Consultant Anaesthetist Elena Kourteli are joined by Mark Mottershaw, Chief Respiratory Physiologist from Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, all contributing a broad range of expertise and perspectives. Together they have updated the book throughout and added new chapters including an algorithm for interpretation of pulmonary function tests, exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) and cardiopulmonary exercise testing. The text offers a clear explanation of the concepts which students find difficult, including: The basis of obstructive and restrictive defects Pattern recognition of the flow volume loop Differences between TLCO and KCO Assessment of oxygenation using PO2 and SO2 The basis of Type 1 and type 2 respiratory failure Distinguishing respiratory and metabolic acidosis The relationship between sleep and respiratory failure The information is presented in an accessible way, suitable for those seeking a basic grounding in spirometry or blood gases, but also sufficiently comprehensive for readers completing specialist training in general or respiratory medicine.
This pocket-sized handbook presents the many commonly performed tests of respiratory function, investigations that are to respiratory medicine what the ECG is to cardiology. Up to one third of emergency admissions are related to breathing difficulties of one sort or another, and a variety of diagnostic investigations are required. Familiarity with the interpretation of a range of respiratory parameters is therefore a fundamental skill to be acquired during training and improved upon throughout clinical practice. Providing invaluable 'hands-on' guidance for trainees in anaesthetics, medicine and pulmonary function, and also acting as a useful ready reference for the experienced clinician, Making Sense of Lung Function Tests places lung function in a clinical context using 'real-life' examples. The book integrates an understanding of the physiological principles underlying lung function with their interpretation in clinical practice. In reading Making Sense of Lung Function Tests the trainee physician will improve knowledge of the mechanical measurements of lung function, gain understanding of lung capacity and flow rates, be able to monitor the effectiveness of respiration, e.g. through blood gas analysis, and, as a result, will learn quickly how to manage patients requiring lung function tests appropriately and with confidence.
This guide provides practical, clinical coverage of various types of pulmonary function testing as it applies to a host of disease conditions.
Pocket-sized format of commonly performed tests of respiratory function for easy reference in the clinical setting Uses succinct text that is ideal for the non-specialist to improve their knowledge and gain confidence Emphasizes clinical interpretation rather than physiological or biochemical principles Provides succinct coverage of key physiological information highlighted for rapid reference Includes frequently asked questions with answers ideal for the trainee
Practical and clinically relevant, Hyatt’s Interpretation of Pulmonary Function Tests provides user-friendly coverage of all types of pulmonary function testing as it applies to a wide range of disease conditions. In this revised 5th Edition, Dr. Paul D. Scanlon expands upon the tradition of excellence begun by renowned pulmonary physiologist and father of the flow-volume curve, Dr. Robert E. Hyatt. A new two-color design, new and reorganized cases, and revised and expanded content keep you up to date with all that's new in the field.
As a physiological or biological matter, breath is mostly considered to be mechanical and thoughtless. By expanding on the insights of many religions and therapeutic practices, which emphasize the cultivation of breath, the contributors argue that breath should be understood as fundamentally and comprehensively intertwined with human life and experience. Various dimensions of the respiratory world are referred to as "atmospheres" that encircle and connect human existence, coexistence, and the world. Drawing from a number of traditions of breathing, including from Indian and East Asian religion and philosophy, the book considers breath in relation to ontological, hermeneutical, phenomenological, ethical, and aesthetic concerns in philosophy. The wide-ranging topics include poetry, theater, environmental issues and health, feminism, and media studies.
A New York Times Bestseller A Washington Post Notable Nonfiction Book of 2020 Named a Best Book of 2020 by NPR “A fascinating scientific, cultural, spiritual and evolutionary history of the way humans breathe—and how we’ve all been doing it wrong for a long, long time.” —Elizabeth Gilbert, author of Big Magic and Eat Pray Love No matter what you eat, how much you exercise, how skinny or young or wise you are, none of it matters if you’re not breathing properly. There is nothing more essential to our health and well-being than breathing: take air in, let it out, repeat twenty-five thousand times a day. Yet, as a species, humans have lost the ability to breathe correctly, with grave consequences. Journalist James Nestor travels the world to figure out what went wrong and how to fix it. The answers aren’t found in pulmonology labs, as we might expect, but in the muddy digs of ancient burial sites, secret Soviet facilities, New Jersey choir schools, and the smoggy streets of São Paulo. Nestor tracks down men and women exploring the hidden science behind ancient breathing practices like Pranayama, Sudarshan Kriya, and Tummo and teams up with pulmonary tinkerers to scientifically test long-held beliefs about how we breathe. Modern research is showing us that making even slight adjustments to the way we inhale and exhale can jump-start athletic performance; rejuvenate internal organs; halt snoring, asthma, and autoimmune disease; and even straighten scoliotic spines. None of this should be possible, and yet it is. Drawing on thousands of years of medical texts and recent cutting-edge studies in pulmonology, psychology, biochemistry, and human physiology, Breath turns the conventional wisdom of what we thought we knew about our most basic biological function on its head. You will never breathe the same again.
This pocket-sized handbook presents the many commonly performed tests of respiratory function, investigations that are to respiratory medicine what the ECG is to cardiology. Up to one third of emergency admissions are related to breathing difficulties of one sort or another, and a variety of diagnostic investigations are required. Familiarity with the interpretation of a range of respiratory parameters is therefore a fundamental skill to be acquired during training and improved upon throughout clinical practice. Providing invaluable 'hands-on' guidance for trainees in anaesthetics, medicine and pulmonary function, and also acting as a useful ready reference for the experienced clinician, Making Sense of Lung Function Tests places lung function in a clinical context using 'real-life' examples. The book integrates an understanding of the physiological principles underlying lung function with their interpretation in clinical practice. In reading Making Sense of Lung Function Tests the trainee physician will improve knowledge of the mechanical measurements of lung function, gain understanding of lung capacity and flow rates, be able to monitor the effectiveness of respiration, e.g. through blood gas analysis, and, as a result, will learn quickly how to manage patients requiring lung function tests appropriately and with confidence.
Getting the right diagnosis is a key aspect of health care - it provides an explanation of a patient's health problem and informs subsequent health care decisions. The diagnostic process is a complex, collaborative activity that involves clinical reasoning and information gathering to determine a patient's health problem. According to Improving Diagnosis in Health Care, diagnostic errors-inaccurate or delayed diagnoses-persist throughout all settings of care and continue to harm an unacceptable number of patients. It is likely that most people will experience at least one diagnostic error in their lifetime, sometimes with devastating consequences. Diagnostic errors may cause harm to patients by preventing or delaying appropriate treatment, providing unnecessary or harmful treatment, or resulting in psychological or financial repercussions. The committee concluded that improving the diagnostic process is not only possible, but also represents a moral, professional, and public health imperative. Improving Diagnosis in Health Care, a continuation of the landmark Institute of Medicine reports To Err Is Human (2000) and Crossing the Quality Chasm (2001), finds that diagnosis-and, in particular, the occurrence of diagnostic errorsâ€"has been largely unappreciated in efforts to improve the quality and safety of health care. Without a dedicated focus on improving diagnosis, diagnostic errors will likely worsen as the delivery of health care and the diagnostic process continue to increase in complexity. Just as the diagnostic process is a collaborative activity, improving diagnosis will require collaboration and a widespread commitment to change among health care professionals, health care organizations, patients and their families, researchers, and policy makers. The recommendations of Improving Diagnosis in Health Care contribute to the growing momentum for change in this crucial area of health care quality and safety.