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Interpreting the fluid requirements of a patient and working out what to do next can seem like a daunting task for the non-specialist, yet it is a skill that any doctor, nurse or paramedic needs to be fully appraised of and comfortable with. Making Sense of Fluids and Electrolytes has been written specifically with this in mind, and will help the student and more experienced practitioner working across a variety of healthcare settings to understand why fluid imbalance in a patient may occur, to assess quickly a patient's fluid needs through a thorough clinical assessment and to develop an effective management plan. Reflecting the latest guidelines, this practical, easy-to-read and easy-to remember guide will be an invaluable tool to aid speedy and appropriate management in emergency situations, on the ward and in the clinic.
Key Features: • Covers not only the fundamentals of echocardiography including ultrasound physics, but also covers new technologies such as 3D echocardiography. • Provides a comprehensive approach for the echo trainee and also serves as a useful reference for more seasoned echocardiographers. • Incorporates current guidelines and reference intervals throughout.
This is a practical and patient-complaint focused handbook, directed to motivate non-sleep experts and beginners in sleep medicine and technology. This book provides a basic review of the area of sleep, identifies some common patient presentations and illustrates the types of investigations that should be requested. With sleep and breathing problems being so common and affecting many other chronic clinical conditions, it is important that primary care and other general physicians as well as allied health practitioners have a greater appreciation of this area. This text is a valuable “go-to” handbook for the occasional “sleep” practitioner to refer to. Key Features: • Contains specially packaged with Specific Learning Objectives to each chapter followed by self-assessment questions, case scenarios, basic sleep monitoring techniques in detail with sample reports. • Provides direction to health care professionals who encounter patients with sleep and breathing disorders in their practice. • Uses algorithms and concept maps for dealing with specific symptoms.
Section 1 Basic and Advanced Life Support 1. Approach to a Sick Child 2. Choking 3. Approach to a Child with Respiratory Insufficiency 4. Airway Management 5. Rapid Sequence Intubation 6. Tachyarrhythmias 7. Bradycardia 8. Cardiac Arrest 9. Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation 10. Cardioversion and Defibrillation 11. Postresuscitation Management Section 2 Shock 12. Assessment of Shock in Children 13. Approach to Management of Shock in Child 14. Management of Septic Shock 15. Anaphylactic Shock in Children Section 3 Basic Mechanical Ventilation 16. Noninvasive Ventilation 17. High-flow Nasal Cannula 18. Disease-specific Mechanical Ventilation 19. Troubleshooting in Mechanical Ventilation 20. Weaning from Ventilation 21. Extubation in Children 22. Prone Positioning 23. Recruitment Maneuvers 24. Tracheostomy in Children Section 4 Advanced Ventilation 25. High Frequency Ventilation 26. Inhaled Nitric Oxide 27. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Section 5 Central Nervous System 28. Coma 29. Raised Intracranial Pressure 30. Pediatric Head Trauma 31. Status Epilepticus Section 6 Infections and Antimicrobials in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit 32. Tropical Fever in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit 33. Dengue 34. Malaria 35. Enteric Fever 36. Japanese Encephalitis 37. Leptospirosis 38. Antibiotics in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit 39. Antifungals in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Section 7 Hospital-acquired Infections in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit 40. New Fever in Intensive Care Unit 41. Ventilator-associated Pneumonia 42. Catheter-associated Urinary Tract Infections (CAUTI) 43. Central Line-associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI) Section 8 Metabolic and Endocrine System 44. Diabetic Ketoacidosis 45. Hypoglycemia 46. Acute Adrenal Insufficiency in Critically Ill Child 47. Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone and Cerebral Salt Wasting Syndrome 48. Metabolic Encephalopathies and Inborn Error of Metabolism 49. Hyperammonemia Section 9 Arterial Blood Gas 50. Interpretation of Arterial Blood Gas 51. Acidosis 52. Alkalosis Section 10 Fluids 53. Fluid Therapy in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Section 11 Electrolytes 54. Hyponatremia 55. Hypernatremia 56. Hypokalemia 57. Hyperkalemia 58. Hypocalcemia 59. Hypercalcemia 60. Hypomagnesemia Section 12 Hematology 61. Bleeding Child 62. Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation 63. Transfusion Guidelines in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit 64. Transfusion Reactions 65. Oncological Emergencies Section 13 Poisoning/Envenomation 66. Approach to a Child with Poisoning 67. Paracetamol Poisoning 68. Iron Poisoning Algorithm 69. Organophosphorus Poisoning 70. Salicylate Poisoning 71. Hydrocarbon Ingestion 72. Scorpion Sting Envenomation 73. Snake Bite Management 74. Mammalian Bites Section 14 Gastrointestinal Tract 75. Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Children 76. Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Children 77. Acute Pancreatitis 78. Acute Liver Failure 79. Acute Surgical Abdomen Section 15 Renal System 80. Acute Kidney Injury 81. Renal Replacement Therapy Section 16 Cardiovascular System 82. Management of Acute Heart Failure 83. Management of Chronic Heart Failure 84. Approach to Pediatric Hypertension 85. Hypertensive Crisis in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit 86. Cardiac Medi
This book gathers peer-review contributions to the 4th International Workshop on Gerontechnology, IWoG 2021, held on November 23-24, 2021, in Évora, Portugal. They report on cutting-edge technologies and optimized workflows for promoting active aging and assisting elderly people at home, as well as in healthcare centers. They discuss the main challenges in the development, use and delivery of health care services and technologies. Not only they propose solutions for improving in practice the monitoring and management of health parameters and age-related diseases, yet they also describe improved approaches for helping seniors in their daily tasks and facilitating their communication and integration with assistive technologies, thus improving their quality of life, as well as their social integration. All in all, this book provides health professionals, researchers, and service providers with extensive information on the latest trends in the development and practical application of gerontechnology, with a special emphasis on improving quality of life of the elderly.
Drs. Helio Autran de Morais and Stephen DiBartola have assembled a comprehensive list of topics on Advances in Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-base Disorders. Just some of the many article topics include: Hypoxemia; Respiratory Alkalosis; Respiratory Acidosis; Anion gap and strong ion gap; Metabolic Alkalosis; Hyperchloremic Metabolic Acidosis; High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis; Hypercalcemia; Hypocalcemia; Chloride; Magnesium; Phosphorus; Practical management of dysnatremias; Spurious electrolyte disorders; Compensation for acid-base disorders; Fluid therapy: Options and rational selection; Maintenance fluid therapy: Isotonic versus hypotonic solutions; Are colloids bad and what are the options?; Fluid management in patients with trauma; Restrictive versus liberal approach, and more!
The text of each chapter contains a brief discussion of the key elements of diagnosis and treatment of a specific electrolyte or acid-base disorder. Practice exercises conclude each chapter.
A timely symposium entitled Body-Fluid Homeostasis: Transduction and Integration was held at Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil in 2011. This meeting was convened as an official satellite of a joint gathering of the International Society for Autonomic Neuroscience (ISAN) and the American Autonomic Society (AAS) held in Buzios, Rio de Janeiro. Broad international participation at this event generated stimulating discussion among the invited speakers, leading to the publication of Neurobiology of Body Fluid Homeostasis: Transduction and Integration. Drawn from the proceedings and filled with rich examples of integrative neurobiology and regulatory physiology, this volume: Provides updated research using human and animal models for the control of bodily fluids, thirst, and salt appetite Explores neural and endocrine control of body fluid balance, arterial pressure, thermoregulation, and ingestive behavior Discusses recent developments in molecular genetics, cell biology, and behavioral plasticity Reviews key aspects of brain serotonin and steroid and peptide control of fluid consumption and arterial pressure The book highlights research conducted by leading scientists on signal transduction and sensory afferent mechanisms, molecular genetics, perinatal and adult long-term influences on regulation, central neural integrative circuitry, and autonomic/neuroendocrine effector systems. The findings discussed by the learned contributors are relevant for a basic understanding of disorders such as heat injury, hypertension, and excess salt intake. A unique reference on the neurobiology of body fluid homeostasis, this volume is certain to fuel additional research and stimulate further debate on the topic.
This quick-reference pocket guide offers LPNs/LVNs clear explanations of difficult concepts related to fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance. The book describes specific imbalances, their pathophysiologic mechanisms, and various therapies including I.V. fluid replacement, total parenteral nutrition, and blood component therapy. Information is presented in a highly organized format with abundant illustrations. Recurring icons include Red Flag (key findings, risks, complications, and contraindications associated with an imbalance or therapy), Life Stages (age-related variations), and Spotlight (flow charts or illustrations depicting physiologic and pathophysiologic mechanisms).
Here is an extensive update of Pediatric Nephrology, which has become the standard reference text in the field. It is global in perspective and reflects the international group of editors, who are well-recognized experts in pediatric nephrology. Within this text, the development of kidney structure and function is followed by detailed and comprehensive chapters on all childhood kidney diseases.