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This volume, a collection of essays by a number of high-profile personalities working in philosophy, literature, sociology, cinema, theatre, journalism, and politics, covers a number a of recent and crucial developments in the field of French Feminisms that have made a reassessment necessary. Beyond French Feminisms proposes to answer the question: what is new in French Feminism at the beginning of the twenty-first century? The essays reflect the shift from the theoretical and philosophical approaches that characterized feminism twenty years ago, to the more social and political questions of today. Topics include: the 'parité' and PACS debates, the France-USA dialogue, the 'multicultural' issues, and the new trends in literature and film by women.
Originally published in 1988, this book compiles a collection of works investigating the impact of recession on women's employment. The authors argue that the most important explanation of differences in women's experience between the countries is the form of labour market regulation and organisation. They point out that current changes in these forms of regulation, and not displacement of female labour, pose the main threat to any gains that women have made in the labour market in the post- World War II period.
This was first published in 2000: This work is founded on the premise that many analyses of economic restructuring and of gender relations fail to recognize two things. First, the situation facing women is different from that of the 1960s when the conceptual apparatuses for analyzing "women and work" were created. Labour markets are dominated by flexible, non-standard work, precarious contractual relations and income disparities. Therefore, it is difficult to structure political claims or analysis around the notion that there is a single labour market, that the primary problem is discrimination or inappropriate training, and that political strategies should focus on discrimination and non-traditional employment. Rather, new challenges require new solutions. The second point of departure is that is is impossible to understand either contemporary labour markets, or the roots of employment and other public policies without locating them vis a vis patterns of gender inequalities generated by and in these labour markets. The labour force has been feminized to such an extent that new, and often unequal gender relations are crucial to their very functioning.
Women's Work in Britain and France is a ground-breaking retheorization of what constitutes 'progress' in gender relations. The book shows that French women, although having more full-time and continuous careers and greater social policy support, retain as great a responsibility for unpaid domestic and caring work as their British counterparts. It replaces the conventional focus upon encouraging women's increased insertion into employment as the principal strategy for achieving progress in gender relations with a new focus on changing men's work patterns.
In light of the history of three influential women's organizations in the United States, England, and France, Naomi Black offers a provocative new interpretation of feminism. She perceives two inherently different types of feminist thought: equity feminism, which incorporates women into existing male-dominated ideologies such as liberalism, Marxism, and socialism; and the less familiar social feminism, which emphasizes women's distinctive experiences and values. Examining the development of organizations previously considered traditional and nonpolitical—the League of Women Voters, the Women's Co-operative Guild, and the Union féminine civique et sociale—black concludes that the social feminism which characterizes these groups is a genuinely radical approach to social change.
This is the first systematic study of French policy regarding equal employment for women. Mazur asks why policy makers choose to make symbolic reforms. Is there a certain set of conditions particularly conducive to the formation of symbolic reform? If symbolic reforms are meant to do nothing, why do governments allocate limited resources to them? Mazur examines five legislative proposals, dating from 1967 to 1982, three of which resulted in legislation: the 1972 Equal Pay Law. the 1975 Equal Treatment Law, and the 1983 Egalite Professionelle Law. These five case studies reveal the continuity over three decades of "symbolic" reform, reform that does not solve the problem it was designed to address.
Drawing from the work of internationally renowned scholars from the Research Network on Gender, Politics and the State (RNGS), this study offers in-depth analysis of the relationship between state feminism, women's movements and public policy and places them within a comparative theoretical framework. Spain, France, Italy, Germany, Finland, Austria, Belgium, Canada, and the U.S. are all discussed individually.
This book examines the price women have to pay for marriage, socially and culturally. Its basic premise unites feminist theory and the work of Pierre Bourdieu, and is supported by data from the numerous quantitative and qualitative studies that have been carried out in France.