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The current book describes the chemical and physical behavior of polymers and biopolymers that form highly associating structures in equilibrium solution. It summons the established results known of polymer complexes in solution taking into account also the recent developments in biotechnology concerning this topic, in technological applications of polymer-protein interactions, in fluorescence and scattering techniques for the study of intra- and interpolymer association and in the study of ionomers in solution. The book covers the whole range from synthesis and fundamental aspects to applications and technology of associated polymers.
The basic premise of the symposium was that further clarification of the relation between chemistry and morphogenesis will depend heavily on the analysis of aggregates of two or more species of macromolecules. The speakers, who were selected because their main competence lay neither in chemistry nor in morphogenesis, but somewhere in between, were encouraged to discuss the thesis that many aspects of morphogenesis can be attacked in relatively "simple" systems by exploring in detail the properties of the macromolecular complexes which compose them. To this challenge the speakers responded with solid information, both confirming the thesis and raising a host of new morphogenetic problems. Excursions into other areas were inevitable and welcome. Thus, much was said that is related to development only in the sense that it poses the question: How does it develop? But whatever the bias of individual papers, the entire volume is a record of a combined effort to place a point of view before all who may profit from its contemplation.
The reception of the original volume by students, pedagogues, and reviewers has been most gratifying. It appears to have both satisfied a need and served a useful educational purpose. Hence, some ten years later it has been deemed advisable to bring it up to date, if only in a slightly expanded form. The purpose for writing this book and its level remain the same. Many new polymers have been synthesized in the last decade that have found meaningful and novel uses. Examples of these applications are included in this new edition. Major advances have also been made in biophysics and in molecular biology, as well as in our understanding of natural processes on a molecular level. Foremost among these has been the development of recombinant DNA technology. With it has come the potential for large scale synthesis of hormones and proteins. These new developments have also been incorporated into the present volume. It is my hope that this new edition will still have a widespread appeal to students in all of the natural sciences whatever their major interest. It should also be of use and inter est to those starting industrial or academic careers who have not had an extensive background in macromolecular science.
The IUPAC 8th International Symposium on Macromolecule-Metal Complexes (MMC-8 Tokyo) was held at the International Conference Center of Waseda University, Tokyo in September 1999. Topic areas presented included several basic and applied topics in the field of advanced MMC such as preparation, characterization and fundamental aspects, macromolecules for advanced technologies including the sub-topics of electron- and ion conductors, separation, adsorption, transport of gas molecules, electronic-, magnetic-, photonic properties, catalysis and photocatalysis, liquid crystals, and biological-, medical- and environmental use.
In this book we discuss the status of the structure- function analysis of biological macromolecules and macromolecular complexes. The ultimate goal of the analysis must be to explain all the functional properties of the molecules in question in terms of their completely defined three-dimensional structure, and the analysis thus contains three separate components: the determination of structure, the determination and quantitation of function, and final correlation of this information into the structure-function model. The first component, the structural analysis, is reviewed only briefly, and this book therefore leans heavily on Barker's and Van Holde's books in this series for proper background and documentation for this component. The second component, the analysis of functional properties, is given broader consideration (Chapters I, 2, 5, and 9), but the main emphasis has been the step-by-step development of the structure-function models. It is hoped that this approach will clearly illustrate the typical progression of scientific model building from the first clear definition of the problem and the statement of the hypothesis through ever-increasing refinements of experimental tests toward the final answer. It is also hoped that the statements of philosophy, principles, and scientific method that are the bases for this approach are of broad enough validity to survive even after its models have become obsolete. With this approach, it is essential to inform the reader in unequivocal terms that this book is not a summary of final conclusions and complete stories which can be submitted to memory. Each system discussed should be considered very critically, and the models should be evaluated in terms of the available evidence. The only "facts" are the experimental data; the interpretation of this data into models is only convincing to the extent that it makes logical sense to the individual examining it. Since both space and common sense prohibits a continuous reiteration of this statement throughout the book, be prepared to encounter some models and hypotheses which are based on sound experimental evidence as well as some which have no experimental basis at all. In neither case are they "facts," but in either case they represent ideas which can be subjected to further experimental tests. If the book helps to sharpen this critical evaluation of both ideas and the experimental test of the hypotheses, one of its major purposes has been fulfilled.