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Progress in Low Temperature Physics
The Conference “Bologna 2000: Structure of the Nucleus at the Dawn of the Century” was devoted to a discipline which has seen a strong revival of research activities in the last decade. New experimental results and theoretical developments in nuclear physics will certainly make important contributions to our knowledge and understanding of Nature's fundamental building blocks.The interest aroused by the Conference among the scientific community was clearly reflected in the large number of participants. These represented the most important nuclear physics laboratories in the world.The Conference covered five major topics of modern nuclear physics: nuclear structure, nucleus-nucleus collisions, hadron dynamics, nuclear astrophysics, and transdisciplinary and peaceful applications of nuclear science. It reviewed recent progress in the field and provided a forum for the discussion of current and future research projects.
International Conference on Nuclear Structure presents the status of research in nuclear structure. This book covers the more traditional topics, including giant resonances, high-spin states, current and momentum distributions in nuclei, and single particle and collective excitations at low excitation energy. Organized into eight sessions, this book begins with an overview of the experiments with low momentum antiprotons. This text then examines the interaction between two free nucleons, which can be described by their scattering matrix, by their scattering cross sections, or by relativistic or nonrelativistic potentials. Other sessions consider the results on neutron-hole states in the Zr, Sn, and Pb region from pic-up measurements. This book discusses as well the progress in the investigation of high-spin magnetic observables in medium and heavy nuclei. The final chapter deals with the methods of performing measurements of neutrino masses. This book is a valuable resource for nuclear physicists, scientists, and research workers.
Betts presents a concise introduction to the experimental technicalities of low and ultralow temperature physics research. He has made extensive use of diagrams as aids to understanding, and refers the reader to the professional literature as soon as the level of the text is high enough. Topics covered include all aspects of low temperature technology, beginning with an introduction to the thermodynamic principles of refrigeration and thermometry. The text also covers the properties of fluid 3He/4He mixtures, and all the means of achieving low temperatures, including dilution and Pomeranchuk refrigeration and adiabatic nuclear demagnetization.