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The volume presents an essential selection collected from the essays of Wolfgang Klein. In addition to journal and book articles, many of them published by Mouton, this book features new and unpublished texts by the author. It focuses, among other topics, on information structure, the expression of grammatical categories and the structure of learner varieties.
The volume presents an essential selection collected from the essays of Wolfgang Klein. In addition to journal and book articles, many of them published by Mouton, this book features new and unpublished texts by the author. It focuses, among other topics, on information structure, the expression of grammatical categories and the structure of learner varieties.
From the publication of Noam Chomsky's revolutionary Syntactic Structures in 1957, to the counter-revolutions that followed, linguistics has seen many fashions over the years. With new ideas and discoveries constantly challenging the ways we look at language, Ronald Macaulay provides a brief and lively introduction to some of the different approaches linguists have taken to the study of language in all its complexity. Considering language as Meaning, Sound, Form, Communication, Identity, History and Symbol, Macaulay examines the main issues, debates and ideas that have emerged in language study over the last fifty years. Designed for the intending student, as well as the non-specialist general reader with an interest in language, Seven Ways of Looking at Language concisely conveys a review of exciting work in the core areas of linguistics, including phonetics, syntax, semantics, language interaction, language variation, language change and the significance of writing. A helpful glossary, as well as detailed suggestions for further reading, makes this the ideal starting point for anyone wishing to learn about the study of language.
What can wordplay--as understood in the broadest sense--teach us about language, its functions, characteristics, structure, and workings? Using Lewis Carroll's Alice as a starting point, Yanguello takes the reader on a vivid and unconventional voyage into the world(s) of language, charting the major themes of linguistics along the way. This is an entertaining and original introduction to the nature of language that will appeal to students and teachers alike.
Looking like a Language, Sounding like a Race examines the emergence of linguistic and ethnoracial categories in the context of Latinidad. The book draws from more than twenty-four months of ethnographic and sociolinguistic fieldwork in a Chicago public school, whose student body is more than 90% Mexican and Puerto Rican, to analyze the racialization of language and its relationship to issues of power and national identity. It focuses specifically on youth socialization to U.S. Latinidad as a contemporary site of political anxiety, raciolinguistic transformation, and urban inequity. Jonathan Rosa's account studies the fashioning of Latinidad in Chicago's highly segregated Near Northwest Side; he links public discourse concerning the rising prominence of U.S. Latinidad to the institutional management and experience of raciolinguistic identities there. Anxieties surrounding Latinx identities push administrators to transform "at risk" Mexican and Puerto Rican students into "young Latino professionals." This institutional effort, which requires students to learn to be and, importantly, sound like themselves in highly studied ways, reveals administrators' attempts to navigate a precarious urban terrain in a city grappling with some of the nation's highest youth homicide, dropout, and teen pregnancy rates. Rosa explores the ingenuity of his research participants' responses to these forms of marginalization through the contestation of political, ethnoracial, and linguistic borders.
A masterpiece of linguistics scholarship, at once erudite and entertaining, confronts the thorny question of how—and whether—culture shapes language and language, culture Linguistics has long shied away from claiming any link between a language and the culture of its speakers: too much simplistic (even bigoted) chatter about the romance of Italian and the goose-stepping orderliness of German has made serious thinkers wary of the entire subject. But now, acclaimed linguist Guy Deutscher has dared to reopen the issue. Can culture influence language—and vice versa? Can different languages lead their speakers to different thoughts? Could our experience of the world depend on whether our language has a word for "blue"? Challenging the consensus that the fundaments of language are hard-wired in our genes and thus universal, Deutscher argues that the answer to all these questions is—yes. In thrilling fashion, he takes us from Homer to Darwin, from Yale to the Amazon, from how to name the rainbow to why Russian water—a "she"—becomes a "he" once you dip a tea bag into her, demonstrating that language does in fact reflect culture in ways that are anything but trivial. Audacious, delightful, and field-changing, Through the Language Glass is a classic of intellectual discovery.
While linguistic theory is in continual flux as progress is made in our ability to understand the structure and function of language, one constant has always been the central role of the word. On looking into words is a wide-ranging volume spanning current research into word-based morphology, morphosyntax, the phonology-morphology interface, and related areas of theoretical and empirical linguistics. The 26 papers that constitute this volume extend morphological and grammatical theory to signed as well as spoken language, to diachronic as well as synchronic evidence, and to birdsong as well as human language.
This book is a manual for reading Witttgenstein´s Nachlass 1929 – 1951 based on hundreds of original manuscripts, and not the highly edited paper books published by Blackwell. The book shows how al thought, language and psychology entangles in body language as this language develop within cultural frameworks. The book further shows that Wittgenstein´s platform are viewpoints of Goethe, and that the methodological strategy of Wittgenstein relates to the architectural system of the works of Kant. The book makes clear that Wittgenstein had six philosophical projects 1929 – 1951. The project of “philosophical investigations” is only one of these six projects. The book published with that title in 1953 does not belong to that project. The book discusses three successive versions of “philosophical investigations” and shows how they follow the order of Kant´s First Critique; a teaching of Form, an Analytic, and a Dialectic. The book further shows that the idea of a “Third Wittgenstein” is absurd. The writings 1949 – 1951 have one and only one theme concerning the rightfulness of human behaviour. The Nachlass in shorthand: What is a human being? According to Wittgenstein s(he) is a ceremonial animal. Phylogenies and cultural background form the “natural history of Mankind”. Wittgenstein´s texts are contributions to this history. Accordingly, there is an embeddedness of the individual human being in the natural history of Mankind. Individuals internalize this embeddedness through drilling (Abrichtung), through an overwhelming normatively and severe formation of individuals. However, the outcome of this drilling is, in principle a free, imaginative, self- assured adult human being. The “pupils” never copy the “teachers”, and no two pupils are alike. The result is drilled individuals. The main capacity of these drilled individuals is The Attention enabling the individuals to search for things, look at things, and observe things in accordance with interests, needs, feelings, and inclinations that in a sense both were there “anyway” - before the drilling - and in another sense were shaped and empowered by the drilling. The adult human individual is at rest with the drilling s(he) was exposed to. One can regulate, nourish, and guide a human life in that way. Thus, we have the emergence of The Calm Look of the individual adults. However, the teachers witnessing these adults pay attention to a diversity and surprising variety of the outcome of their drilling. The Teachers pay attention to a Living Look they did not anticipate. The Teachers have an instrument making sure that the Living Look does not run wild. They can chain The Attention of the individuals exercising The Living Look. Prime example is Mathematics. There are many other examples of such being civilized, meeting the standards of a social setting or institution. A milder approach of the teachers is trying to induce imaginations within the attention of others without severely chaining The Attention. This brings forth The Induced Look. Now, pupils can both chain and induce the attention of other pupils. Thereby arises The Seducing Look. However, there is a limit to seduction. That is the theme of Shakespeare’s Othello, and theme of Wittgenstein´s last writings, autumn 1949 – Spring 1951: How do evidence and the rightful understanding of others relate? The answer is that if person´s expressions meets certain norms, then there is a diverse and open character of behaviour that other people have no reason not to find rightful Which behaviour is right can be very diverse.
It is generally accepted that language is primarily a means of communication. But do we always mean what we say – must we mean something when we talk? This book explores the other side of language, where words are incoherent and meaning fails us. it argues that this shadey side of language is more important in our everyday speech than linguists and philosophers recognize. Historically this other side of language known as has attracted more attention in France than elsewhere. It is particularly interesting because it brings together texts from a wide range of fields, including fiction, poetry and linguistics. The author also discusses the kind of linguistics that must be developed to deal with such texts, a linguistics which makes use of psychoanalytic knowledge. This tradition of writing has produced a major philosopher, Gilles Deleuze. This book provides an introduction to his work, an account of his original theory of meaning and an analysis of the celebrated Anti-Oedipus, which takes délire as one of its main themes.
A linguist’s entertaining and highly informed guide to what languages are and how they function. Think you know language? Think again. There are languages that change when your mother-in-law is present. The language you speak could make you more prone to accidents. Swear words are produced in a special part of your brain. Over the past few decades, we have reached new frontiers of linguistic knowledge. Linguists can now explain how and why language changes, describe its structures, and map its activity in the brain. But despite these advances, much of what people believe about language is based on folklore, instinct, or hearsay. We imagine a word’s origin is it’s “true” meaning, that foreign languages are full of “untranslatable” words, or that grammatical mistakes undermine English. In Don’t Believe A Word, linguist David Shariatmadari takes us on a mind-boggling journey through the science of language, urging us to abandon our prejudices in a bid to uncover the (far more interesting) truth about what we do with words. Exploding nine widely held myths about language while introducing us to some of the fundamental insights of modern linguistics, Shariatmadari is an energetic guide to the beauty and quirkiness of humanity’s greatest achievement.