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We live in the information society. The main aim of this book is to describe the basic ideas of information theory, answering questions such as how may we transmit and store information as compactly as possible, what is the maximum quantity of information that can be transmitted by a particular channel or network, and how can security be assured? It covers all the basic ideas of information theory and sets them in the context of current applications. These include Shannon's information measure, discrete and continuous information sources and information channels with or without memory, source and channel decoding, rate distortion theory, error correcting codes and the information theoretical approach to cryptology. Throughout the book special attention has been paid to multiterminal or network information theory. This text will be of use to advanced undergraduates and graduate students in electrical engineering and computer science.
Studying Virtual Math Teams centers on detailed empirical studies of how students in small online groups make sense of math issues and how they solve problems by making meaning together. These studies are woven together with materials that describe the online environment and pedagogical orientation, as well as reflections on the theoretical implications of the findings in the studies. The nature of group cognition and shared meaning making in collaborative learning is a foundational research issue in CSCL. More generally, the theme of sense making is a central topic in information science. While many authors allude to these topics, few have provided this kind of detailed analysis of the mechanisms of intersubjective meaning making. This book presents a coherent research agenda that has been pursued by the author and his research group. The book opens with descriptions of the project and its methodology, as well as situating this research in the past and present context of the CSCL research field. The core research team then presents five concrete analyses of group interactions in different phases of the Virtual Math Teams research project. These chapters are followed by several studies by international collaborators, discussing the group discourse, the software affordances and alternative representations of the interaction, all using data from the VMT project. The concluding chapters address implications for the theory of group cognition and for the methodology of the learning sciences. In addition to substantial introductory and concluding chapters, this important new book includes analyses based upon the author's previous research, thereby providing smooth continuity and an engaging flow that follows the progression of the research. The VMT project has dual goals: (a) to provide a source of experience and data for practical and theoretical explorations of group knowledge building and (b) to develop an effective online environment and educational service for collaborative learning of mathematics. Studying Virtual Math Teams reflects these twin orientations, reviewing the intertwined aims and development of a rigorous science of small-group cognition and a Web 2.0 educational math service. It documents the kinds of interactional methods that small groups use to explore math issues and provides a glimpse into the potential of online interaction to promote productive math discourse.
This book does not assume a firm grasp of GCSE maths, and the content is tailored specifically for the needs of engineers. For students taking vocational engineering courses requiring knowledge of mathematics for engineering.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th European Conference on Logics in Artificial Intelligence, JELIA 2004, held in Lisbon, Portugal, in September 2004. The 52 revised full papers and 15 revised systems presentation papers presented together with the abstracts of 3 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 169 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on multi-agent systems; logic programming and nonmonotonic reasoning; reasoning under uncertainty; logic programming; actions and causation; complexity; description logics; belief revision; modal, spatial, and temporal logics; theorem proving; and applications.
Traditions of the 150-year-old St. Petersburg School of Probability and Statis tics had been developed by many prominent scientists including P. L. Cheby chev, A. M. Lyapunov, A. A. Markov, S. N. Bernstein, and Yu. V. Linnik. In 1948, the Chair of Probability and Statistics was established at the Department of Mathematics and Mechanics of the St. Petersburg State University with Yu. V. Linik being its founder and also the first Chair. Nowadays, alumni of this Chair are spread around Russia, Lithuania, France, Germany, Sweden, China, the United States, and Canada. The fiftieth anniversary of this Chair was celebrated by an International Conference, which was held in St. Petersburg from June 24-28, 1998. More than 125 probabilists and statisticians from 18 countries (Azerbaijan, Canada, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Lithuania, The Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Russia, Taiwan, Turkey, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, and the United States) participated in this International Conference in order to discuss the current state and perspectives of Probability and Mathematical Statistics. The conference was organized jointly by St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg branch of Mathematical Institute, and the Euler Institute, and was partially sponsored by the Russian Foundation of Basic Researches. The main theme of the Conference was chosen in the tradition of the St.
Advanced Engineering Mathematics is a comprehensive guide to a wide range of mathematical concepts and techniques essential for various fields of study. Dive into the rich collages of mathematical concepts, from Partial Differentiation to the Simplex Method, each chapter meticulously crafted to build your understanding and application skills. Whether you are exploring the depths of Differential Equations, exploring into the details of Complex Numbers, or connecting the power of Numerical Methods, this book offers clear explanations, practical examples, and challenging exercises to support your learning journey. Discover how Vector Calculus transforms your approach, how Probability and Statistics sharpen your data analysis, and how Fourier and Laplace Transformations simplify complex problems. Special topics like Chebyshev Polynomials, Fuzzy Set theory, and Empirical Law offer awareness into revolutionary mathematical applications. This book is perfect for anyone passionate about mathematics and will inspire you to solve problems with confidence, creativity and accuracy.