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* Presents a comprehensive treatment with a global view of the subject * Rich in examples, problems with hints, and solutions, the book makes a welcome addition to the library of every mathematician
Probability measures on algebraic-topological structures such as topological semi groups, groups, and vector spaces have become of increasing importance in recent years for probabilists interested in the structural aspects of the theory as well as for analysts aiming at applications within the scope of probability theory. In order to obtain a natural framework for a first systematic presentation of the most developed part of the work done in the field we restrict ourselves to prob ability measures on locally compact groups. At the same time we stress the non Abelian aspect. Thus the book is concerned with a set of problems which can be regarded either from the probabilistic or from the harmonic-analytic point of view. In fact, it seems to be the synthesis of these two viewpoints, the initial inspiration coming from probability and the refined techniques from harmonic analysis which made this newly established subject so fascinating. The goal of the presentation is to give a fairly complete treatment of the central limit problem for probability measures on a locally compact group. In analogy to the classical theory the discussion is centered around the infinitely divisible probability measures on the group and their relationship to the convergence of infinitesimal triangular systems.
The main aim of this book is the study of locally compact groups from a geometric perspective, with an emphasis on appropriate metrics that can be defined on them. The approach has been successful for finitely generated groups and can be favorably extended to locally compact groups. Parts of the book address the coarse geometry of metric spaces, where ``coarse'' refers to that part of geometry concerning properties that can be formulated in terms of large distances only. This point of view is instrumental in studying locally compact groups. Basic results in the subject are exposed with complete proofs; others are stated with appropriate references. Most importantly, the development of the theory is illustrated by numerous examples, including matrix groups with entries in the the field of real or complex numbers, or other locally compact fields such as $p$-adic fields, isometry groups of various metric spaces, and last but not least, discrete groups themselves. The book is aimed at graduate students, advanced undergraduate students, and mathematicians seeking some introduction to coarse geometry and locally compact groups.
Classical potential theory can be roughly characterized as the study of Newtonian potentials and the Laplace operator on the Euclidean space JR3. It was discovered around 1930 that there is a profound connection between classical potential 3 theory and the theory of Brownian motion in JR . The Brownian motion is determined by its semigroup of transition probabilities, the Brownian semigroup, and the connection between classical potential theory and the theory of Brownian motion can be described analytically in the following way: The Laplace operator is the infinitesimal generator for the Brownian semigroup and the Newtonian potential kernel is the" integral" of the Brownian semigroup with respect to time. This connection between classical potential theory and the theory of Brownian motion led Hunt (cf. Hunt [2]) to consider general "potential theories" defined in terms of certain stochastic processes or equivalently in terms of certain semi groups of operators on spaces of functions. The purpose of the present exposition is to study such general potential theories where the following aspects of classical potential theory are preserved: (i) The theory is defined on a locally compact abelian group. (ii) The theory is translation invariant in the sense that any translate of a potential or a harmonic function is again a potential, respectively a harmonic function; this property of classical potential theory can also be expressed by saying that the Laplace operator is a differential operator with constant co efficients.
Because of their significance in physics and chemistry, representation of Lie groups has been an area of intensive study by physicists and chemists, as well as mathematicians. This introduction is designed for graduate students who have some knowledge of finite groups and general topology, but is otherwise self-contained. The author gives direct and concise proofs of all results yet avoids the heavy machinery of functional analysis. Moreover, representative examples are treated in some detail.
A locally compact group has the Haagerup property, or is a-T-menable in the sense of Gromov, if it admits a proper isometric action on some affine Hilbert space. As Gromov's pun is trying to indicate, this definition is designed as a strong negation to Kazhdan's property (T), characterized by the fact that every isometric action on some affine Hilbert space has a fixed point. This book is to covers various aspects of the Haagerup property. It gives several new examples.
Locally compact groups play an important role in many areas of mathematics as well as in physics. The class of locally compact groups admits a strong structure theory, which allows to reduce many problems to groups constructed in various ways from the additive group of real numbers, the classical linear groups and from finite groups. The book gives a systematic and detailed introduction to the highlights of that theory. In the beginning, a review of fundamental tools from topology and the elementary theory of topological groups and transformation groups is presented. Completions, Haar integral, applications to linear representations culminating in the Peter-Weyl Theorem are treated. Pontryagin duality for locally compact Abelian groups forms a central topic of the book. Applications are given, including results about the structure of locally compact Abelian groups, and a structure theory for locally compact rings leading to the classification of locally compact fields. Topological semigroups are discussed in a separate chapter, with special attention to their relations to groups. The last chapter reviews results related to Hilbert's Fifth Problem, with the focus on structural results for non-Abelian connected locally compact groups that can be derived using approximation by Lie groups. The book is self-contained and is addressed to advanced undergraduate or graduate students in mathematics or physics. It can be used for one-semester courses on topological groups, on locally compact Abelian groups, or on topological algebra. Suggestions on course design are given in the preface. Each chapter is accompanied by a set of exercises that have been tested in classes.
Introduction to Compact Transformation Groups