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DEFINITION AND NOMENCLATURE A Stirling engine is a mechanical device which operates on a closed regenerative thermodynamic cycle with cyclic compression and expansion of the working fluid at different temperature levels. The flow of working fluid is controlled only by the internal volume changes, there are no valves and, overall, there is a net conversion of heat to work or vice-versa. This generalized definition embraces a large family of machines with different functions; characteristics and configurations. It includes both rotary and reciprocating systems utilizing mechanisms of varying complexity. It covers machines capable of operating as a prime mover or power system converting heat supplied at high tempera ture to output work and waste heat at a lower temperature. It also covers work-consuming machines used as refrigerating systems and heat pumps abstracting heat from a low temperature source and delivering this plus the heat equivalent of the work consumed to a higher tem perature. Finally it covers work-consuming devices used as pressure generators compressing a fluid from a low pressure to a higher pres sure. Very similar machines exist which operate on an open regen erative cycle where the flow of working fluid is controlled by valves. For convenience these may be called Ericsson engines but unfortunate ly the distinction is not widely established and regenerative machines of both types are frequently called 'Stirling engines'.
The only book available on liquid piston engines, covering the design, application, maintenance, troubleshooting, and advances in the technology. Whether used in irrigation, cooling nuclear reactors, pumping wastewater, or any number of other uses, the liquid piston engine is a much more efficient, effective, and "greener" choice than many other choices available to industry. Especially if being used in conjunction with solar panels, the liquid piston engine can be extremely cost-effective and has very few, if any, downsides or unwanted side effects. As industries all over the world become more environmentally conscious, the liquid piston engine will continue growing in popularity as a better choice, and its low implementation and operational costs will be attractive to end-users in developing countries. This is the only comprehensive, up-to-date text available on liquid piston engines. The first part focuses on the identification, design, construction and testing of the liquid piston engine, a simple, yet elegant, device which has the ability to pump water but which can be manufactured easily without any special tooling or exotic materials and which can be powered from either combustion of organic matter or directly from solar heating. It has been tested, and the authors recommend how it might be improved upon. The underlying theory of the device is also presented and discussed. The second part deals with the performance, troubleshooting, and maintenance of the engine. This volume is the only one of its kind, a groundbreaking examination of a fascinating and environmentally friendly technology which is useful in many industrial applications. It is a must-have for any engineer, manager, or technician working with pumps or engines.
For Stirling engines to enjoy widespread application and acceptance, not only must the fundamental operation of such engines be widely understood, but the requisite analytic tools for the stimulation, design, evaluation and optimization of Stirling engine hardware must be readily available. The purpose of this design manual is to provide an introduction to Stirling cycle heat engines, to organize and identify the available Stirling engine literature, and to identify, organize, evaluate and, in so far as possible, compare non-proprietary Stirling engine design methodologies. This report was originally prepared for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the U. S. Department of Energy.
Piston Engine-Based Power Plants presents Breeze's most up-to-date discussion and clear and concise analysis of this resource, aimed at those working and researching in the area. Various engine types including Diesel and Stirling are discussed, with consideration of economic factors and important planning considerations, such as the size and speed of the plant. Breeze also evaluates the emissions which piston engines can create and considers ways of planning for and controlling those. - Explores various types of engines used to power automotive power plants such as internal combustion, spark-ignition and dual-fuel - Discusses the engine cycles, size and speed - Evaluates emissions and considers the various economic factors involved
The only book available on liquid piston engines, covering the design, application, maintenance, troubleshooting, and advances in the technology. Whether used in irrigation, cooling nuclear reactors, pumping wastewater, or any number of other uses, the liquid piston engine is a much more efficient, effective, and "greener" choice than many other choices available to industry. Especially if being used in conjunction with solar panels, the liquid piston engine can be extremely cost-effective and has very few, if any, downsides or unwanted side effects. As industries all over the world become more environmentally conscious, the liquid piston engine will continue growing in popularity as a better choice, and its low implementation and operational costs will be attractive to end-users in developing countries. This is the only comprehensive, up-to-date text available on liquid piston engines. The first part focuses on the identification, design, construction and testing of the liquid piston engine, a simple, yet elegant, device which has the ability to pump water but which can be manufactured easily without any special tooling or exotic materials and which can be powered from either combustion of organic matter or directly from solar heating. It has been tested, and the authors recommend how it might be improved upon. The underlying theory of the device is also presented and discussed. The second part deals with the performance, troubleshooting, and maintenance of the engine. This volume is the only one of its kind, a groundbreaking examination of a fascinating and environmentally friendly technology which is useful in many industrial applications. It is a must-have for any engineer, manager, or technician working with pumps or engines.
This book is about the Stirling engine and its development from the heavy cast-iron machine of the nineteenth century into the efficient high-speed engine of today. It is not a handbook: it does not tell the reader how to build a Stirling engine. It is rather the history of a research effort spanning nearly fifty years, together with an outline of principles, some technical details and descriptions of the more important engines. No one will dispute the position of Philips as the pioneer of the modern Stirling engine. Hence the title of the book, hence also the contents, which are confined largely to the Philips work on the subject. Valuable work has been done elsewhere but this is discussed only marginally in order to keep the book within a reasonable size. The book is addressed to a wide audience on an academic level. The first two chapters can be read by the technically interested layman but after that some engineering background and elementary mathematics are generally necessary.Heat engines are traditionally the engineer's route to thermodynamics: in this context, the Stirling engine, which is the simplest of all heat engines, is more suited as a practical example than either the steam engine or the internal-combustion engine. The book is also addressed to historians of technology, from the viewpoint of the twentieth century revival of the Stirling engine as well as its nineteenth century origins.
This updated new edition provides an introduction to the field of thermoacoustics. All of the key aspects of the topic are introduced, with the goal of helping the reader to acquire both an intuitive understanding and the ability to design hardware, build it, and assess its performance. Weaving together intuition, mathematics, and experimental results, this text equips readers with the tools to bridge the fields of thermodynamics and acoustics. At the same time, it remains firmly grounded in experimental results, basing its discussions on the distillation of a body of experiments spanning several decades and countries. The book begins with detailed treatment of the fundamental physical laws that underlie thermoacoustics. It then goes on to discuss key concepts, including simple oscillations, waves, power, and efficiency. The remaining portions of the book delve into more advanced topics and address practical concerns in applications chapters on hardware and measurements. With its careful progression and end-of-chapter exercises, this book will appeal to graduate students in physics and engineering as well as researchers and practitioners in either acoustics or thermodynamics looking to explore the possibilities of thermoacoustics. This revised and expanded second edition has been updated with an eye to modern technology, including computer animations and DeltaEC examples.