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Over the course of the Civil War, fifty-nine men served as governors of the twenty-five Union states. Although these state executives were occasionally obstructionist and often disagreed amongst themselves, their overall cooperation and counsel bolstered the policies put forth by Abraham Lincoln and proved essential to the Union’s ultimate victory. In this revealing volume, award-winning historian William C. Harris explores the complex relationship between Lincoln and the governors of the Union states, illuminating the contributions of these often-overlooked state leaders to the preservation of the nation. Lincoln recognized that in securing the governors’ cooperation in the war he had to tread carefully and, as much as possible, respect their constitutional authority under the federal system of government. Contributing to the success of the partnership, Harris shows, was the fact that almost all of the governors were members of Lincoln’s Republican or Union Party, and most had earlier associated with his Whig party. Despite their support for the war, however, the governors reflected different regional interests, and Lincoln understood and attempted to accommodate these differences in order to maintain a unified war effort. Harris examines the activities of the governors, who often worked ahead of Lincoln in rallying citizens for the war, organizing state regiments for the Union army, and providing aid and encouragement to the troops in the field. The governors kept Lincoln informed about political conditions in their states and lobbied Lincoln and the War Department to take more vigorous measures to suppress the rebellion. Harris explores the governors’ concerns about many issues, including the divisions within their states over the war and Lincoln’s most controversial policies, especially emancipation and military conscription. He also provides the first modern account of the 1862 conference of governors in Altoona, Pennsylvania, which provided important backing for Lincoln’s war leadership. By emphasizing the difficult tasks that both the governors and President Lincoln faced in dealing with the major issues of the Civil War, Harris provides fresh insight into the role this dynamic partnership played in preserving the nation’s democratic and constitutional institutions and ending the greatest blight on the republic—chattel slavery.
"The conflict of 1861-5 was a war between the states on the one hand and the growing power of the national government on the other. In popular speech, the Southern Confederacy symbolized the particularist principles of states' rights, and the United States embodied the national creed. But, as in most wars, neither side had a clear monopoly of either contending dogma. Within the confines of the Confederacy, ardent Southern nationalists battled unceasingly with the adherents of state sovereignty, while in the North the struggle between nation and state went on steadily. This latter struggle is the theme of this book. When the smoke of the Civil War had lifted from the battlefields, it was seen that a new nation had been erected on the ruins of the old federal union. But though the fact of national sovereignty was distinct, the process by which Abraham Lincoln, architect of the nation, had used the exigencies of war and politics to build a new structure was not so readily evident. Only by tracing the relations between the federal government and the states during the war years can the foundation of the new nation be made clear"--Page v-vi.
In this rich study of Union governors and their role in the Civil War, Stephen D. Engle examines how these politicians were pivotal in securing victory. In a time of limited federal authority, governors were an essential part of the machine that maintained the Union while it mobilized and sustained the war effort. Charged with the difficult task of raising soldiers from their home states, these governors had to also rally political, economic, and popular support for the conflict, at times against a backdrop of significant local opposition. Engle argues that the relationship between these loyal-state leaders and Lincoln's administration was far more collaborative than previously thought. While providing detailed and engaging portraits of these men, their state-level actions, and their collective cooperation, Engle brings into new focus the era's complex political history and shows how the Civil War tested and transformed the relationship between state and federal governments.
In this rich study of Union governors and their role in the US Civil War, Stephen D. Engle examines how these politicians were pivotal in securing victory. While providing detailed and engaging portraits of these men, their state-level actions, and their collective cooperation, Engle brings into new focus the era's complex political history.
"Lincoln's Plan of Reconstruction" by Charles H. McCarthy Lincoln's Plan of Reconstruction gives a brief summary of the political history of the United States from 1776 to 1860 to indicate that there were differences between the North and the South, chiefly in relation to slavery and state rights, which ultimately led to the attempted withdrawal of the slave states from the Union, to their subjugation and to their ultimate restoration. "This return is what is commonly known as Reconstruction.
Harris maintains that Lincoln held a fundamentally conservative position on the process of reintegrating the South, one that permitted a large measure of self-reconstruction, and that he did not modify his position late in the war. He examines the reasoning and ideology behind Lincoln's policies, describes what happened when military and civil agents tried to implement them at the local level, and evaluates Lincoln's successes and failures in bringing his restoration efforts to closure.
"State of the Union Addresses" is a collection of the annual messages that U.S. President Abraham Lincoln delivered to Congress from 1861 to 1865. These addresses provide insight into Lincoln's thoughts on significant issues of the time, including the Civil War, slavery, and the preservation of the Union. This work demonstrates Lincoln's leadership, political understanding, and rhetorical skill as he navigated one of the most tumultuous periods in American history. These addresses serve as a valuable historical document and a testament to Lincoln's legacy as one of America's greatest presidents.
Like Lincoln, Oglesby was born in Kentucky and spent most of his youth in central Illinois, apprenticing as a lawyer in Springfield and standing for election to the Illinois legislature Congress, and U.S. Senate. Oglesby participated in the battles of Cerro Gordo and Vera Cruz during the Mexican-American War and made a small fortune in the gold rush of 1849. A superlative speaker, he ran unsuccessfully for Congress in a campaign that featured the Lincoln-Douglas debates of 1858, then was elected to the Illinois senate as Lincoln was being elected president.