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First Published in 1996. This is a lexicon of Arabic horse terminology covering Egyptian, Bedouin and Classical Arabic. The Egyptian data for this book were collected in Cairo between October 1982 and September 1983, December 1983, December 1984, and March to April 1988. Most of this time the author spent exercising and training Egyptian and European horses, and later, teaching horse riding.
In the Arab world, people belong to kinship groups (lineages and tribes). Many lineages are named after animals, birds, and plants. Why? This survey evaluates five old explanations – “totemism,” “emulation of predatory animals,” “ancestor eponymy,” “nicknaming,” and “Bedouin proximity to nature.” It suggests a new hypothesis: Bedouin tribes use animal names to obscure their internal cleavages. Such tribes wax and wane as they attract and lose allies and clients; they include “attached” elements as well as actual kin. To prevent outsiders from spotting “attached” groups, Bedouin tribes scatter non-human names across their segments, making it difficult to link any segment with a human ancestor. Young’s argument contributes to theories of tribal organization, Arab identity, onomastics, and Near Eastern kinship.
This work deals with "wasf" or description which is one of the salient characteristics of the "qasidah" (classical Arabic poetry) tradition. It examines descriptive passages in a selected group of Arabic "qasidah" from different ages, with the motifs of horses, and bees and honey-gathering.
Housni Alkhateeb Shehada's Mamluks and Animals: Veterinary Medicine in Medieval Islam is the first comprehensive study of veterinary medicine, its practitioners and its patients in the medieval Islamic world, with special emphasis on the Mamluk period (1250-1517). Based on a large variety of sources, it is a history of a scientific field that is also examined from social and cultural perspectives. Horses, as well as birds of prey used for hawking and falconry, were at the centre of the veterinary literature of that period, but the treatment and cure of other animals was not totally neglected. The Mamluk period is presented here as the time when veterinary medicine reached its pinnacle in medieval Islam and often even surpassed human medicine.
Setting out the historical national and religious characteristics of the Italians as they impact on the integration within the European Union, this study makes note of the two characteristics that have an adverse effect on Italian national identity: cleavages between north and south and the dominant role of family. It discusses how for Italians family loyalty is stronger than any other allegiance, including feelings towards their country, their nation, or the EU. Due to such subnational allegiances and values, this book notes that Italian civic society is weaker and engagement at the grass roots is less robust than one finds in other democracies, leaving politics in Italy largely in the hands of political parties. The work concludes by noting that EU membership, however, provides no magic bullet for Italy: it cannot change internal cleavages, the Italian worldview, and family values or the country’s mafia-dominated power matrix, and as a result, the underlying absence of fidelity to a shared polity—Italian or European—leave the country as ungovernable as ever.
The geographical region of the Southern Caucasus, the lowlands between the Black and the Caspian Sees and the Armenian and Anatolian highlands is located on the peripheries of Europe from Asia. This region shares a common pre-history, with pre-Christian and pre-Muslim cultures and beliefs. The later periods, however, starting from the pre-Christian Iranian dominations, followed by the Arab conquest and the later campaigns of Seljuks, Mongols and Ottomans, had a heavy impact on the development of the region’s various ethnic languages and cultures. Nevertheless, many similarities can be found in the languages, cultures and religious traditions of the people living in this region. Armenia has often been a bridge between various cultures. Even though Armenians have succeeded in preserving their original language and culture through the centuries, many of their traditions and myths, their linguistic peculiarities, particularly in Armenian dialects, may be explained by an often long-lasting influence of other cultures, be it occidental (Hellenistic/Roman, later Byzantine and Medieval European) or oriental (Iranian, later Arab, Turkic, Mongolian, etc.) or even Caucasian. The Armenians have also left many traces in the languages and cultures of the Occident, Orient and the Caucasus. This volume gives an impressive approach to an interdisciplinary view of the linguistic and cultural properties which Armenians share with their neighbours.
Classification is an essential skill for all information workers but a difficult concept to grasp - and it's even more difficult to put that theory into practice. This practical guide shows the reader how to go about classifying a document from scratch. Essential Classification guides the novice cataloguer through the practice of subject cataloguing, with an emphasis on practical document analysis and classification. It deals with fundamental questions as to the purpose of classification in different situations, and the needs and expectations of end users. The reader is introduced to the ways in which document content can be assessed, and how this can best be expressed for translation into the language of specific indexing and classification systems. The characteristics of the major general schemes of classification (LCC, DDC, UDC and BC1) are discussed and their suitability for different classification needs. Some basic issues of theory are included to support practical considerations. The emphasis in the chapters on the major classification schemes is on the practical application of those schemes. Key areas discussed are: the purpose of classification the rightness of classification controlled indexing languages concept based retrieval and word based retrieval the structure of classification varieties of classification 1: the enumerative scheme varieties of classification 2: the analytico-synthetic scheme varieties of classification 3: the faceted scheme management aspects of classification the need for classification After reading this book the novice cataloguer will understand the purpose of classification, will be able to choose the best classification scheme to use for their purposes and will have practical experience of the application of those schemes using real documents, practical exercises and worked examples. Readership: This is essential reading for library school students, novice cataloguers and all information workers who need to classify but have not formally been taught how. The book also offers practical guidance to those concerned with the design and maintenance of subject tools: computer scientists, and information and intranet managers.
The field of color categorization has always been intrinsically multi- and inter-disciplinary, since its beginnings in the nineteenth century. The main contribution of this book is to foster a new level of integration among different approaches to the anthropological study of color. The editors have put great effort into bringing together research from anthropology, linguistics, psychology, semiotics, and a variety of other fields, by promoting the exploration of the different but interacting and complementary ways in which these various perspectives model the domain of color experience. By so doing, they significantly promote the emergence of a coherent field of the anthropology of color. As of February 2018, this e-book is freely available, thanks to the support of libraries working with Knowledge Unlatched.
What distinguishes Marzari's work is his ability to explain complicated matters in clear and even entertaining language. Linguists often cut a poor figure here, given their propensity to gallop non-stop through the brushwood of grammar. Not so Marzari. He illustrates the potentials and limits of a language that over 300 million Muslims in the Middle East call their mother tongue, aside from the many others elsewhere in Africa as well as in Asia, who recite Arabic as the language of the Qur'an.