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This book evaluates off-grid solar electrification in Africa by examining how political, economic, institutional, and social forces shape the adoption of off-grid solar technologies, including how issues of energy injustice are manifested at different levels and spaces. The book takes a historical, contemporary, and projective outlook using case studies from pre- and ongoing electrification communities in non-Western countries such as Ghana, Kenya, Rwanda, Senegal, Malawi, Tanzania, and Nigeria. Beyond the diverse nature of these countries in terms of their geographical location in West, East, and Southern Africa, each offers a different experience in terms of colonial history, economic and institutional infrastructure, social and cultural context, and level of adoption of off-grid solar technologies. Notably, the book contributes to the off-grid solar and energy justice scholarship in low-income non-Western contexts. It examines various approaches to energy justice and does so by engaging with Western and non-Western philosophical notions of the concept. It takes into consideration the major principles of Ubuntu philosophy with the adoption of off-grid solar technologies, hence enriching the energy justice framework. Finally, the book interrogates the degree to which the social mission that catalysed the expansion of the off-grid solar sector is being undermined by broader structural dynamics of the capital investment upon which it is reliant. It also argues that the ascendance of off-grid solar electrification in Africa is transformative in that it enables millions of people without access to or facing uncertainties linked to centralised grid energy to have access to basic energy services.
The most comprehensive, authoritative and widely cited reference on photovoltaic solar energy Fully revised and updated, the Handbook of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Second Edition incorporates the substantial technological advances and research developments in photovoltaics since its previous release. All topics relating to the photovoltaic (PV) industry are discussed with contributions by distinguished international experts in the field. Significant new coverage includes: three completely new chapters and six chapters with new authors device structures, processing, and manufacturing options for the three major thin film PV technologies high performance approaches for multijunction, concentrator, and space applications new types of organic polymer and dye-sensitized solar cells economic analysis of various policy options to stimulate PV growth including effect of public and private investment Detailed treatment covers: scientific basis of the photovoltaic effect and solar cell operation the production of solar silicon and of silicon-based solar cells and modules how choice of semiconductor materials and their production influence costs and performance making measurements on solar cells and modules and how to relate results under standardised test conditions to real outdoor performance photovoltaic system installation and operation of components such as inverters and batteries. architectural applications of building-integrated PV Each chapter is structured to be partially accessible to beginners while providing detailed information of the physics and technology for experts. Encompassing a review of past work and the fundamentals in solar electric science, this is a leading reference and invaluable resource for all practitioners, consultants, researchers and students in the PV industry.
World Bank Technical Paper No. 298. Summarizes the factors that constrain girls schooling in Sub-Saharan Africa and outlines practical ways of designing programs that will accelerate female participation in education in the region. Also available in French: (ISBN 0-8213-3507-3) Stock No. 13507.
Sustainability in agriculture and associated primary industries, which are both energy-intensive, is crucial for the development of any country. Increasing scarcity and resulting high fossil fuel prices combined with the need to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions, make the improvement of energy efficient farming and increased use of rene
Vous rêvez d'une vie moins dépendante du réseau électrique ? Aspirez-vous à l'autosuffisance que procure la production de votre propre énergie ? Êtes-vous prêt à faire le saut vers un avenir plus vert et plus durable, mais ne savez pas par où commencer ? "La Bible de l'énergie solaire hors réseau est précisément le guide qu'il vous faut. Dans ce tome complet, vous passerez du statut de novice à celui d'expert, en perçant les mystères de l'énergie solaire et en découvrant comment elle peut devenir votre solution énergétique personnelle, renouvelable et rentable. Pourquoi choisir "La Bible de l'énergie solaire hors réseau" ? Voici ce que vous pouvez vous attendre à trouver à l'intérieur : Une introduction complète à l'énergie solaire : comprendre les principes de base de l'énergie solaire, comment elle fonctionne et pourquoi elle est la source d'énergie renouvelable de l'avenir. Un guide étape par étape de la conception d'un système d'énergie solaire : apprenez à adapter votre propre système d'énergie solaire à vos besoins, aux exigences spécifiques de votre lieu de résidence et aux étapes à suivre pour que votre vision devienne réalité. Savoir-faire essentiel en matière de vie hors réseau : préparez-vous mentalement au passage à la vie hors réseau, découvrez les appareils et les outils essentiels, et abordez les changements avec aisance et confiance. Aperçu des systèmes hybrides : explorez les avantages de la diversification de vos sources d'énergie, en combinant l'énergie solaire avec d'autres énergies renouvelables telles que l'énergie éolienne et l'énergie hydraulique. Conseils d'experts sur l'entretien et le dépannage : maîtrisez l'entretien régulier et le dépannage des problèmes courants pour garantir le fonctionnement optimal de votre système solaire. Des scénarios concrets : Plongez dans des études de cas inspirantes qui illustrent l'utilisation pratique de l'énergie solaire dans une maison, un bateau, un véhicule de plaisance et une cabane isolée. "La Bible de l'énergie solaire hors réseau est plus qu'un simple livre ; c'est votre passeport pour l'indépendance énergétique. Que vous soyez novice en matière d'énergie renouvelable, que vous soyez un adepte de la vie hors réseau cherchant à améliorer votre installation, ou que vous vous situiez entre les deux, ce livre est votre feuille de route vers un avenir durable alimenté par le soleil. Ne vous laissez pas intimider par la complexité de l'énergie solaire. Équipez-vous dès maintenant de la "Bible de l'énergie solaire hors réseau" et laissez le soleil éclairer votre chemin vers un mode de vie plus vert et plus autonome. L'avenir est là, et il est alimenté par le soleil.
Energy, and access to energy, are essential to human life, civilisation and development. A number of energy issues - including energy security, energy prices and the polluting emissions for energy use - now have high prominence on global agendas of policy and diplomacy. In addressing these and other global energy issues, the purpose of this book is to lay out the broad global energy landscape, exploring how these issues might develop in coming decades, and the implications of such developments for energy policy. There are great uncertainties, which will be identified, in respect of some of these issues, but many of the defining characteristics of the landscape are clear, and the energy policies of all countries will need to be broadly consistent with these if they are to be feasible and achieve their objectives. The book therefore provides information about and analysis of energy and related resources, and the technologies that have been and are being developed to exploit them that is essential to understanding how the global energy system is developing, and how it might develop in the future. But its main focus is the critical economic, social, political and cultural issues that will determine how energy systems will develop and which technologies are deployed, why, by whom, and who will benefit from them. The book has three Parts. Part I sets out the current global context for energy system developments, outlining the essential trends of global energy supply and demand, and atmospheric emissions, from the past and going forward, and their driving forces. Part II explores the options and choices, covering both energy demand and energy supply, facing national and international policymakers as they confront the challenges of the global context outlined in Part I. Part III of the book brings together the discussion in Parts I and II with consideration of possible global energy and environmental futures, and of the energy policy choices which will determine which future actually comes to pass.
One of the challenges of our modern society is to successfully reconcile growing energy demand, demographic and food pressure and ecological and environmental urgency. This book offers an update on a rapidly evolving subject, that of modern photovoltaic systems capable of combining the needs of energy and ecological transition. Although photovoltaic solar energy is a well-proven technical solution in terms of energy, its development can compete with agricultural land or natural sites. New solutions are emerging: the installation of photovoltaic parks on industrial wasteland; agrivoltaics, which reconcile agricultural activity and energy production on the same surface; and ecovoltaics, which make it possible to make use of the unused surfaces under solar panels by developing ecological solutions capable of providing services to nature. These innovations are part of the response to the need to preserve terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, halt the decline in animal and plant biodiversity and participate in the development of a new mode of sustainable development and green economy.