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"Rights to water are increasingly crucial and increasingly contested across theglobe. Urbanization, industrialization, environmental degradation, agriculturalintensification, rising per capita water use, increasing population, andother social, political, and economic transformations contribute to growing scarcity and demand for better management of water resources. In responding to these challenges, the world can draw on a rich heritage of institutions for regulating rights to water and resolving disputes, and a diversity of institutional arrangements that demonstrate great ingenuity in designing solutions to fit the conditions and priorities of various river basins. However, policy discussion in water management has often been impoverished by narrow polarization around a few idealized models of centrally integrated management or water commoditization, even though these comprise only a small and very incomplete subset of the institutional options available for effective management. The authors in this book expand the range of reflection and analysis of water rights reforms, offering insights aimed especially at those seeking practical pathways to improve equity, efficiency, and sustainability in access to water."
The Appropriative Rights Model Water Code provides a model of a coherent body of law that can be utilized to improve existing water allocation laws in states committed to appropriative rights. Appropriative rights takes its name from the legal requirement that water be "appropriated" and applied to a "beneficial use" in order for one to acquire the right to use it. Today, appropriative rights remain in the predominant body of law for the quantitative allocation of water in the 18 states west of Kansas City. This committee report originated from a detailed review of existing water allocation laws in these states. A hydrologically based legal framework that balances human and environmental needs, the Appropriative Rights Model Water Code integrates the management of water quality and water quantity and takes into consideration the appropriate social, economical, political, and administrative aspects of water management.