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This book is based on papers given at the 2nd Symposium on Consumer Psychology of Tourism, Hospitality and Leisure (CPTHL) in Vienna in July 2000. The Symposium comprised papers reflecting the progress in consumer psychology theory and research. The Vienna Symposium put special emphasis on consumer decision making for evaluating choice alternatives in tourism, leisure, and hospitality operations. The reports have been arranged into five major compartments.
The social psychology of leisure has long been, and still remains, a prominent perspective for understanding the role and impact of leisure in peoples lives. It is a dynamic field influenced by researchers in leisure studies and theories and research in, among others, the fields of social, personality, developmental, and positive psychology. An early systematic effort to examine the potential of social psychology for understanding leisure was provided by John Neulinger in his 1974 book, The Psychology of Leisure: Research Approaches to the Study of Leisure. In 1980, Seppo Iso-Ahola published The Social Psychology of Leisure and Recreation, the first textbook to map out the boundaries of the field and review the social psychological theory and research available at the time. Seventeen years elapsed before the first edition of A Social Psychology of Leisure was published in 1997. The first edition was well received, used in classrooms around the world, often cited by other researchers, and translated into Japanese. Another 14 years elapsed before the second editionwith Gordon Walker being added as a co-authorwas published in 2011. It too was well received, used globally, often cited, and, in this instance, translated into Chinese. This new edition builds on these earlier efforts and incorporates major new topics of research, innovative studies, and contemporary examples. It also advances from the second edition in several important ways. First, it takes into account recent trends in psychology, such as the rise of positive psychology, evolutionary social psychology, and the social psychological treatment of culture (see Chapter 2). Second, it provides a more comprehensive overview of the diverse range of experiences that take place in leisure (see Chapter 4). Third, we have changed the focus of later chapters from benefits to outcomes, recognizing that leisure behavior may be both beneficial and harmful at times. And fourth, rather than have a separate chapter on age and gender, we have integrated material on these two topics throughout the third edition. These differences notwithstanding, we have continued with the general orientation that the social psychology of leisure is concerned with how people come to perceive time or behavior as free or discretionary, how they choose to fill and structure this discretionary time with behavior and experience, why they make these choices, and the implications of these choices for their happiness and personal growth. Important here, however, is that the social psychology of leisure recognizes that these perceptions and choices are influenced by other people and by experiences in the other domains of life such as work, family, and community. A Social Psychology of Leisure is written to serve as a textbook for undergraduate students taking a course in the psychological and social aspects of leisure and recreation. It also provides for students in graduate courses a comprehensive introduction that should be supplemented by books and journal articles focusing on specific topics. Finally, especially as it has incorporated reference to newer literature, this edition is intended to serve as a source-book for leisure researchers in providing context and even direction when conducting studies that employ a social psychological approach. Given the last, in this edition each chapter has its own reference list rather than there being a single, comprehensive list as in the past. This modification reflects a recent trend in how researchers, who are typically interested in a specific topic or area, now access and utilize scholarly information. Many years of teaching undergraduate and graduate courses in this area have provided a testing ground for much of the material and the methods of presentation that appear in this book. Consequently, we have tried to maximize the clarity and interest level of the text. Many concrete examples are used, and where appropriate, topics are introduced through the use of scenarios highlighting various types of leisure behavior for students to analyze. We also pose interesting leisure questions often found in the readers own daily life and then demonstrating how researchers have attempted to answer these same questions. By doing the above, we hope to demonstrate the relevance, excitement, and methods of social psychological leisure research. Finally, as in past editions, we discuss the potential applicability of the research reviewed. In some cases, these applications will have immediate implications for the provision of public and private leisure services in communities, tourism, park management, and private recreation businesses. However, there is another sense in which the book is applied. Not only can the information provided by a social psychology of leisure be used to more effectively plan leisure services, but also individuals, through an awareness of the social psychological dimensions of leisure, may be able to extend more control over their lives and better enjoy their own leisure. To this end, readers will constantly be asked to reflect on their own experiences and their personal observations of other people at leisure.
Psychology is central to an effective understanding of consumption behaviours. The aim of this book is to provide an overall understanding for why people consume certain products and services and how this affects their behaviour and psychological well being.
People do not buy products or even services; they purchase the total experience that the product or service provides. This book brings together established and emerging international scholars to provide systematic reviews and illustrative cases drawn from tourism, leisure, hospitality, sport and event contexts. The book provides a useful framework for focusing the goals and associated methodologies of future research efforts and for implementing the results of these efforts.
This handbook provides new dimensions and directions to design tourism education curriculums and transform students' learning. It delves into issues such as job opportunities, business opportunities, required skill sets, and the role of critical and creative thinking in tourism education, and focuses on a shift in mindset from R&D (research and development) to L&D (learning and development), to aid in gaining in-the-field knowledge. It presents a global perspective on the latest trends, innovative curriculum, research, and skill needs in the travel, tourism, and hotel industry via empirical, theoretical, and conceptual chapters, as well as through global case studies. This handbook explores how to develop the skills, attributes and prospects for employment in these competitive industries, and also highlights what employers in the tourism and hospitality sectors expect from graduate and/or post-graduate candidates. Besides examining the contribution of tourism education towards a better society, this handbook introduces a new way of designing curriculums, and examines the past practices, current trends, and future opportunities in the field.
It is difficult to overstate the importance of personal consumption both to individual consumers and to the economy. While consumer&, are recognized as valuing market goods and services for the activities they can construct from them in the frameworks of several disciplines, consequences of the characteristics of goods and services they use in these activities have not been well studied. In the discourse to follow, I will contrast knowledge-yielding and conventional goods and services as factors in the construction of activities that consumers engage in when they are not in the workplace. Consumers will be seen as deciding on non-work activities and the inputs to these activities according to their objectives, and the values and cumulated skills they hold. I will suggest that knowledge content in these activities can be efficient for consumer objectives and also have important externalities through its effect on productivity at work and economic growth. The exposition will seek to elaborate these points and contribute to multi disciplinal dialogue on consumption. It takes as its starting point the contention that consumption is simultaneously an economic and social psychological process and that integration of content can contribute to explanation.
We are entering a new era of leisure. Quality rather than quantity is now the focus of researchers, policymakers and managers. Technological change, an ageing population and a harsh economic climate are changing the values and practices of leisure, as well as the relationship between leisure, society and the individual. Contemporary Perspectives in Leisure uses a variety of disciplinary approaches to introduce the most important trends in contemporary leisure in the Twenty-First Century. With contributions from some of the leading international figures in modern leisure studies, the book examines key philosophical and theoretical debates around leisure, with reference to concepts such as happiness, enjoyment and quality of life, as well as the most interesting contemporary themes in leisure studies, from youth leisure and ‘dark’ leisure to technology and adventure. Understanding changes in leisure helps us to better understand changes in wider society. Contemporary Perspectives in Leisure is a perfect companion to any course in leisure studies, and useful reading for any student or scholar working in sociology, cultural studies, recreation, tourism, sport, or social psychology.
Differentiated book- It has a historical context with research of the time-The Theory of the Leisure Class: An Economic Study of Institutions (1899), by Thorstein Veblen, is a treatise on economics and a detailed social critique of conspicuous consumption, based on social class and consumerism, derived from social stratification. of people and the division of labor, which are social institutions of the feudal period (9 to 15 c.) that have continued until the modern era. Veblen claims that the contemporary lords of the mansion, the entrepreneurs who own the means of production, have been employed in the economically unproductive practices of conspicuous consumption and conspicuous leisure, which are useless activities that contribute neither to the economy nor to production material of the useful goods and services required for the functioning of society, while it is the middle class and the working class that usefully work in the industrialized and productive occupations that support the whole of society.Conducted in the late 1800s, Veblen's socioeconomic analyzes of business cycles and the consequent pricing policy of the U.S. economy and the emerging division of labor, by technocratic specialty (scientist, engineer, technologist, etc.), proved to be predictions. precise and sociological of the economic structure of an industrial society.