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Les Musées de France ont pris une place de plus en plus importante au sein des pratiques culturelles et touristiques. De nouveaux modes d’accès à la culture – désormais mondialisée – encouragent une gouvernance patrimoniale qui tente de conjuguer convergence numérique et transformation des usages dans l’espace muséal. Le défi est désormais de concilier tradition et modernité, art et divertissement, délectation et consommation. Le musée physique (in situ) qui expose les œuvres se prolonge par des dispositifs numériques au sein même de ses murs (cartels, audioguides, interactivités, sons, vidéos…) et la multiplication de sites Internet en ligne, publics ou privés. Le « musée virtuel » en vient à rejoindre le « musée conservateur ». La numérisation du patrimoine modifie-t-elle l’institution ? Le musée conservateur des siècles passés privilégie aujourd’hui la fréquentation du public et la diversification des modes de financement pour accroître ses moyens. Le musée virtuel en devient une extension, mais aussi parfois un concurrent. Dès lors que la mission de service public est confrontée au marché, la relation de l’institution à son patrimoine s’en trouve affectée. Autrement dit, la capacité à transmettre un héritage culturel aux futures générations s’inscrit désormais au cœur des débats sur l’avenir des musées.
Lorenzo Casini delves into the increasing globalization of cultural heritage law in this innovative and thought-provoking Advanced Introduction. In addition to answering fundamental questions on cultural property, Casini connects national and global aspects of cultural heritage law, dissects old and contemporary dilemmas, and examines the future challenges of cultural heritage law in the digital age.
Democracy, Ecological Integrity and International Law is the latest product of research by the Global Ecological Integrity Group (www.globalecointegrity.net), an organisation that has been meeting annually since 1992 to discuss scientific, philosophical, political and legal aspects of ecological integrity. This collection examines various aspects of governance from the standpoint of integrity: from democracy, to forms of Native governance, from globalization and neocolonialism to specific human rights to food, water and climate.
The Liber Amicorum is published on the occasion of the retirement of Professor Božidar Bakotić from the University of Zagreb, Faculty of Law, after an impressive career that started in 1961. His colleagues and former students have contributed to this collection of essays dealing with a variety of topics in the fields of international law which Professor Bakotić himself has been most active in. Therefore, the majority of essays deal with the subjects of international law, the various international régimes of spaces, the international protection of human rights and humanitarian law, the settlement of international disputes and the law of armed conflicts. Notwithstanding the specific international developments over the last twenty years in the geographic area where Professor Bakotić has served (Southeastern Europe), all the authors of the contributions to this Liber Amicorum have dealt with their topics at the level of general international law. The book comprises 32 essays from scholars who had close relations with Professor Bakotić in the course of his career at the Zagreb Faculty of Law, in various other law schools and international organisations, in the International Law Association, in the Croatian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and its Diplomatic Academy. The majority of essays are in English and six are in French.
What happens when UNESCO heritage conventions are ratified by a state? How do UNESCO’s global efforts interact with preexisting local, regional and state efforts to conserve or promote culture? What new institutions emerge to address the mandate? The contributors to this volume focus on the work of translation and interpretation that ensues once heritage conventions are ratified and implemented. With seventeen case studies from Europe, Africa, the Caribbean and China, the volume provides comparative evidence for the divergent heritage regimes generated in states that differ in history and political organization. The cases illustrate how UNESCO’s aspiration to honor and celebrate cultural diversity diversifies itself. The very effort to adopt a global heritage regime forces myriad adaptations to particular state and interstate modalities of building and managing heritage.
From the highly influential concept of ‘staged authenticity’ discussed by Dean MacCannell, to the general claim of longing for authenticity on behalf of all Western consumers, made by Joseph Pine and James Gilmore, it is obvious that the concept of authenticity is still worth considering. This ground-breaking book re-thinks and re-invests in the notion of authenticity as a surplus of experiential meaning and feeling that derives from what we do at / in places. In Re-investing Authenticity - Tourism, Place and Emotions international scholars representing a wide range of disciplines, examine contemporary performances of authenticity in travel and tourism practices: From cultural place branding to individual pilgrim performances; from intensified experiences of imaginary crime scenes to the rhetorical features of the encounter with the traumatic and; from photography performing memories of place to experiences of wilderness producing excitement, this book demonstrates how the feeling of authenticity within places is produced.
Community and participation have become central concepts in the nomination processes surrounding heritage, intersecting time and again with questions of territory. In this volume, anthropologists and legal scholars from France, Germany, Italy and the USA take up questions arising from these intertwined concerns from diverse perspectives: How and by whom were these concepts interpreted and re-interpreted, and what effects did they bring forth in their implementation? What impact was wielded by these terms, and what kinds of discursive formations did they bring forth? How do actors from local to national levels interpret these new components of the heritage regime, and how do actors within heritage-granting national and international bodies work it into their cultural and political agency? What is the role of experts and expertise, and when is scholarly knowledge expertise and when is it partisan? How do bureaucratic institutions translate the imperative of participation into concrete practices? Case studies from within and without the UNESCO matrix combine with essays probing larger concerns generated by the valuation and valorization of culture.
The Levels of Action
Practical Considerations for Safeguarding Intangible Cultural Heritage examines theoretical issues relating to intangible cultural heritage policy and practice, whilst also proposing practical ways to facilitate the safeguarding of such heritage. Providing guidelines for best practice that take into account the constraints of the UNESCO-ICH paradigm, Stefano examines the principles and practices of two alternative and largely non-UNESCO frameworks for sustaining living cultural traditions: the philosophy of ecomuseology, and the discipline of public folklore in the context of the U.S. Arguing that they offer more collaborative, equitable, and effective ways forward for safeguarding ICH, Stefano demonstrates how they can address the limitations of the UNESCO-ICH paradigm. Importantly, the book offers a personal perspective, grounded in the author’s public sector work, which allows the ICH discourse to move beyond critical analysis and explore realistic, alternative ways in which ICH can be collaboratively and equitably safeguarded. Practical Considerations for Safeguarding Intangible Cultural Heritage proposes guidelines for professionals, researchers, and communities that foster safeguarding approaches that are as unique and nuanced as ICH expressions themselves. The interdisciplinary nature of the book will ensure that it is useful to those interested in community-led ICH safeguarding, as well as the impacts of UNESCO’s 2003 Convention, in diverse geographic, political, economic, and sociocultural contexts.