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There are two kinds of football in France. American football was first played in France in 1909 during the cruise of the Great White Fleet. Then, during World War I, the American military shipped footballs, helmets, and shoulder pads alongside rifles and ammunition to the western front. A 1938 tour of two teams lead by Jim Crowley of Fordham University maintained the game until World War II, when the arrival of millions of young Americans in France motivated the U.S. military to sponsor several bowl games. During the 1950s and 1960s, when the United States occupied bases in France during the Cold War, American soldiers, sailors, and airmen played more than a thousand football games. When France withdrew from NATO, however, American bases were forced to close, leaving American football without a natural home on Gallic shores. In the 1970s American college and semi-pro teams tried once more to generate interest in the game among French nationals through a series of tours, but until a French physical education instructor vacationed in Colorado and brought equipment back to France, there was little local enthusiasm for the sport. On the back of that vacation, and from one team in Paris, organized American football in France grew to more than 215 teams with more than 22,000 active players today. Le Football tackles the struggles and successes of American football in France and discusses how, unlike baseball and basketball, football has never been an overt instrument of American cultural influence. Russ Crawford keeps the chains moving as he shows how the modern, homegrown sport developed largely independent of American encouragement into a small but successful culture.
There are two kinds of football in France. American football was first played in France in 1909 during the cruise of the Great White Fleet. Then, during World War I, the American military shipped footballs, helmets, and shoulder pads alongside rifles and ammunition to the western front. A 1938 tour of two teams lead by Jim Crowley of Fordham University maintained the game until World War II, when the arrival of millions of young Americans in France motivated the U.S. military to sponsor several bowl games. During the 1950s and 1960s, when the United States occupied bases in France during the Cold War, American soldiers, sailors, and airmen played more than a thousand football games. When France withdrew from NATO, however, American bases were forced to close, leaving American football without a natural home on Gallic shores. In the 1970s American college and semi-pro teams tried once more to generate interest in the game among French nationals through a series of tours, but until a French physical education instructor vacationed in Colorado and brought equipment back to France, there was little local enthusiasm for the sport. On the back of that vacation, and from one team in Paris, organized American football in France grew to more than 215 teams with more than 22,000 active players today. Le Football tackles the struggles and successes of American football in France and discusses how, unlike baseball and basketball, football has never been an overt instrument of American cultural influence. Russ Crawford keeps the chains moving as he shows how the modern, homegrown sport developed largely independent of American encouragement into a small but successful culture.
This anthology charts French football's path to the glory of World Cup victory. Offering a behind-the-scenes view, it reveals how France went from being a second-rate team to a major footballing superpower in little more than 20 years. Footballers, coaches, writers and journalists describe the way it was and the way it is. The book reveals the scandals of greedy moneymen, the talented players who failed under pressure, the exemplary youth academy of Auxerre, as well as the winning of the 1984 European Championship and the magic of the 1998 World Cup success. It tells the story of how Cantona became king of England and of Zidane, a Franco-Algerian and arguably the world's best player, of how Platini conquered the Calcio, and why Ginola did not make it to the World Cup.
Voila! is a motivating French course taking students from beginner level through to GCSE and is aimed at a wide range of abilities. It includes the three-part lesson, assessment for learning and thinking skills.
Undercurrent is the only student-run national undergraduate journal publishing scholarly essays and articles that explore the subject of international development. The journal is a refereed publication dedicated to providing a non-partisan, supportive, yet critical and competitive forum exclusively for undergraduate research, writing, and editing.
This file is a handbook and resource pack to support specialist and non-specialist teachers. The Teacher's File offers step-by-step teaching suggestions, ideas and strategies for your teaching and practical advice. There are some photocopiable assessment sheets for each of the six units covering the four skills, including guidance to help you use them.
The groundbreaking story of the National Women’s Football League, and the players whose spirit, rivalries, and tenacity changed the legacy of women’s sports forever. In 1967, a Cleveland promoter recruited a group of women to compete as a traveling football troupe. It was conceived as a gimmick—in the vein of the Harlem Globetrotters—but the women who signed up really wanted to play. And they were determined to win. Hail Mary chronicles the highs and lows of the National Women’s Football League, which took root in nineteen cities across the US over the course of two decades. Drawing on new interviews with former players from the Detroit Demons, the Toledo Troopers, the LA Dandelions, and more, Hail Mary brings us into the stadiums where they broke records, the small-town lesbian bars where they were recruited, and the backrooms where the league was formed, championed, and eventually shuttered. In an era of vibrant second wave feminism and Title IX activism, the athletes of the National Women’s Football League were boisterous pioneers on and off the field: you’ll be rooting for them from start to finish.
Les mots français: Vocabulaire, lectures et sujets de conversation presents a clear, thorough and systematic overview of modern French vocabulary on a variety of subjects. Written in the target language, each of the 32 chapters is divided into the following sections, with translations into English to facilitate the learning process: • basic vocabulary (vocabulaire de base) • additional vocabulary (vocabulaire supplémentaire) • related vocabulary (vocabulaire apparenté) • idiomatic expressions, sayings and proverbs (proverbes et expressions) • cultural readings (lectures). The book includes a range of communicative exercises and sample sentences, while an answer key and flashcards are available online. This is essential reading for learners at level A2–C2 of the Common European Framework for Languages, and Intermediate Mid–Advanced on the ACTFL proficiency scales.
This is the perfect pocket reference for those learning French, and you'll want to make sure it's packed when you next go on your travels. With over 6,000 fully illustrated terms arranged by theme, getting to grips with the French language has never been easier. Whether you're traveling for business or leisure, buying food or train tickets, discussing work or tourism, you'll gain confidence in your new language skills with a bilingual visual dictionary by your side. Photographs and comprehensive indexes combine to make finding the word you need a quick and easy task. The French-English Bilingual Visual Dictionary also features an easy-to-use free audio app (available on the App Store and Google Play) enabling you to hear terms spoken out loud. Learn and retain all the key phrases and words you need to know and perfect your pronunciation. DK's bilingual visual dictionaries are truly bilingual; every section is written side by side in both languages - right from the contents to the index - meaning that this dictionary is easy to use for native speakers and learners alike. Whether you're studying a new language in the classroom or practicing on your travels, choose a DK bilingual visual dictionary to be part of your essential kit.