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Detailed measurements of an unsteady flow field within the inlet guide vanes (IGV) and the rotor of a radial inflow turbine were performed using a three component Laser Doppler Velocimeter (LDV) system together with a rotary encoder. The mean velocity, the flow angle and the turbulence contours for IGV passages are presented at four blade-to-blade planes for different rotor positions to give three dimensional, unsteady behavior of the IGV flow field. These results are compared with the measurements obtained in the same passage in the absence of the rotor. The flow field of the IGV passage was found to be affected by the presence of the rotor. The ratio of the tangential normal stresses to the radial normal stresses at the exit of the IGV was found to be more than doubled when compared to the case without the rotor. The rotor flow field measurements are presented as relative mean velocity and turbulence stress contours at various cross section planes throughout the rotor. The cross flow and turbulence stress levels were found to be influenced by the incidence angle. Transportation of the high turbulence fluid by the cross flow was observed downstream in the rotor blade passages. Radial Turbine Aerodynamics, LDV unsteady Flow Measurements.
This book is the proceedings of the International Conference on Power Engineering-2007. The fields of this book include power engineering and relevant environmental issues. The recent technological advances in power engineering and related areas are introduced. This book is valuable for researchers, engineers and students majoring in power engineering.
The results of Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) measurements, in particular, turbulent stresses in radial turbine guide vanes are presented in this paper, in order to provide experimental data for the numerical predictions. The flow velocities were measured at upstream, inside and downstream of the guide vanes for two different mass flow rates (0.2 lb/s "0.0907 kg/s" and 0.3 lb/s "0.1361 kg/s") using a two-component LDV system. The results are presented as contour plots of turbulent stresses. The LDV system consists of a 5 watt argon-ion laser, the seeding particle atomizer, the optical and the data acquisition systems. The optical components were arranged in the backward scatter mode to measure two orthogonal velocity components simultaneously. Frequency shifts were used on both components to determine the flow direction. The results indicate a significant transport of higher turbulence fluid into the suction surface-end wall corner by the end wall cross flows inside the passage. High turbulent stress gradients show that there is considerable flow mixing downstream of the flow passages. Turbulence was found to be locally anisotropic everywhere.