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Incorporated in 1847 on the banks of the Merrimack River, Lawrence, Massachusetts, was the final and most ambitious of New Englands planned textile-manufacturing cities developed by the Boston-area entrepreneurs who helped launch the American Industrial Revolution. With a dam and canal system to generate power, by 1912 Lawrence led the world in the production of worsted wool cloth. The Pacific Cotton Mills alone had sales of nearly $10 million and had mechanical equipment capable of producing 800 miles of finished textile fabrics every working day. However, industrial growth was accompanied by worsening health, housing, and working conditions for most of the citys workers. These were the root causes that led to the long, sometimes violent struggle between people of diverse ethnic groups and languages and the citys mill owners and overseers. The 1912 strikeknown today as the Bread and Roses Strikebecame a landmark moment in history.
On January 12, 1912, an army of textile workers stormed out of the mills in Lawrence, Massachusetts, commencing what has since become known as the "Bread and Roses" strike. Based on newspaper accounts, magazine reportage, and oral histories, Watson reconstructs a Dickensian drama involving thousands of parading strikers from fifty-one nations, unforgettable acts of cruelty, and even a protracted murder trial that tested the boundaries of free speech. A rousing look at a seminal and overlooked chapter of the past, Bread and Roses is indispensable reading.
2013 Laura Ingalls Wilder Award Rosa’s mother is singing again, for the first time since Papa died in an accident in the mills. But instead of filling their cramped tenement apartment with Italian lullabies, Mamma is out on the streets singing union songs, and Rosa is terrified that her mother and older sister, Anna, are endangering their lives by marching against the corrupt mill owners. After all, didn’t Miss Finch tell the class that the strikers are nothing but rabble-rousers—an uneducated, violent mob? Suppose Mamma and Anna are jailed or, worse, killed? What will happen to Rosa and little Ricci? When Rosa is sent to Vermont with other children to live with strangers until the strike is over, she fears she will never see her family again. Then, on the train, a boy begs her to pretend that he is her brother. Alone and far from home, she agrees to protect him . . . even though she suspects that he is hiding some terrible secret. From a beloved, award-winning author, here is a moving story based on real events surrounding an infamous 1912 strike.
Ardis Cameron focuses on the textile workers' strikes of 1882 and 1912 in this examination of class and gender formation as drawn from the experience and language of the working-class neighborhoods of Lawrence. She shows clearly that the working women who unionized and fought for equality were considered the "worst sort" because they challenged both economic and sexual hierarchies, providing alternative models for turn-of-the-century women.
A historical account of the 1912 industrial workers strike in Lawrence, MA
Describes the conditions and treatment that drove workers, including many children, to various strikes, from the mill workers strikes in 1828 and 1836 and the coal strikes at the turn of the century to the work of Mother Jones on behalf of child workers.
Lawrence, Massachusetts is the first extensive photographic history of the city in over seventy-five years, and it offers more than two hundred fascinating images from the renowned Immigrant City Archives--many of them rare and previously unpublished. This fascinating visual history chronicles the growth of a city that began to rise from the plains of the Merrimack River in 1845. Conceived, financed, and managed by Yankee capitalists and designed to be a model town, Lawrence was among the earliest planned manufacturing communities in the country and it quickly became the largest woolen and worsted manufacturing center in the world. From the outset, Lawrence was the gateway to America for thousands of immigrants. Here, they found work, acquired skills, learned English, educated their young people, and eventually became citizens. By 1910, almost 90,000 people--representing 25 nationalities and speaking 40 languages--had made their home within the seven square miles that constitute Lawrence. Their unique story is told through images lovingly cherished in velvet photograph albums and old cardboard boxes, and gathered over the decades from the tenement attics and basements of those who actually lived the lives shown in these photographs. The images vividly portray America's industrial and immigrant past, and show the lives, work, aspirations, pleasures, and sometimes the suffering, of the people who created the city of Lawrence.
A history of the global nature of the radical union, The Industrial Workers of the World
This is the story of a young girl, an Italian immigrant, who was brought to America in hopes of a better life. Times were hard and her parents were forced to take her out of school, at age twelve and send her to work in one of the woolen mills in Lawrence Massachusetts. While there, she endured a devastating accident that would forever alter her life and that of her family. The repercussions would extend far beyond anything that could be imagined. Carmela Teoli, after spending seven months in a hospital, would go on to testify to a Congressional Committee about the conditions under which she, and the other children, had been forced to work. Her words had the power to influence many people including the First Lady, Helen Taft , who had been in attendance at the hearings. Mrs.Taft quickly took Carmela under her wing to the extent of inviting her to spend the night at The White House. Clothing, a warm bed and a delicious dinner were all provided for her. Carmela conversed freely with The President and his wife that evening about everything that she and her family had been through. The next day she would meet with more congressional members where she could further relay her plight. Following the Congressional testimony, working people were entitled to better conditions. The Bread and Roses strike of 1912 had made an impact on labor regulations as had the testimonies of the children.