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This is a full new edition of the Latin papyri from Dura Europos, which provide a wealth of material for several branches of Classical scholarship. They are a priceless source for palaeographers investigating the history of Latin writing, inasmuch as they represent a real archive containing documents produced by scribes who were presumably competent in both Latin and Greek. Historians of the Roman Empire and Roman army are offered a glance inside the everyday life of a Roman camp built within a Hellenized town of Semitic origin with a flourishing Jewish community. The papyri also provide glimpses into spoken Latin and substandard varieties, and the Latin texts survive alongside written samples of eight other languages (Greek, Palmyrenean, Hatrean, Syriac, Parthian and Pehlevi, Hebrew and Safaitic). The editions are accompanied by translations and notes, while the volume also includes a substantial introduction, appendix, and thorough commentary on the Feriale Duranum.
A discursive look at the key debates that evolved from this period of the Roman Empire.
Collects and translates such diverse sources as Zosimus, John Malalas, Al-Tabari and Moses of Chorene, to give us a picture of this complex, fraught period of Roman history.
From even before the time of Alexander the Great, the Greek gods spread throughout the Mediterranean, carried by settlers and largely adopted by the indigenous populations. By the third century b.c., gods bearing Greek names were worshipped everywhere from Spain to Afghanistan, with the resulting religious systems a variable blend of Greek and indigenous elements. Greek Gods Abroad examines the interaction between Greek religion and the cultures of the eastern Mediterranean with which it came into contact. Robert Parker shows how Greek conventions for naming gods were extended and adapted and provides bold new insights into religious and psychological values across the Mediterranean. The result is a rich portrait of ancient polytheism as it was practiced over 600 years of history.
The nature of indigenous political and social structure was a key factor in Roman expansion. To facilitate conquest and incorpora-tion, existing political divisions and tendencies were exploited to the full. In the longer term, Rome usually adopted whatever it could intact, and adapted or altered only those features which ran counter to her interests.
This collection offers a fresh look at the nature and development of the Greek gods in the period from Homer until Late Antiquity The Greek gods are still very much present in modern consciousness. Although Apollo and Dionysos, Artemis and Aphrodite, Zeus and Hermes are household names, it is much less clear what these divinities meant and stood for in ancient Greece. In fact, they have been very much neglected in modern scholarship. Bremmer and Erskine bring together a team of international scholars with the aim of remedying this situation and generating new approaches to the nature and development of the Greek gods in the period from Homer until Late Antiquity. The Gods of Ancient Greece looks at individual gods, but also asks to what extent cult, myth and literary genre determine the nature of a divinity and presents a synchronic and diachronic view of the gods as they functioned in Greek culture until the triumph of Christianity.
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This book investigates how varying practices of gender shaped people's lives and experiences across the societies of ancient Greece and Rome. Exploring how gender was linked with other socio-political characteristics such as wealth, status, age and life-stage, as well as with individual choices, in the very different world of classical antiquity is fascinating in its own right. But later perceptions of ancient literature and art have profoundly influenced the development of gendered ideologies and hierarchies in the West, and influenced the study of gender itself. Questioning how best to untangle and interpret difficult sources is a key aim. This book exploits a wide range of archaeological, material cultural, visual, spatial, demographic, epigraphical and literary evidence to consider households, families, life-cycles and the engendering of time, legal and political institutions, beliefs about bodies, sex and sexuality, gender and space, the economic implications of engendered practices, and gender in religion and magic.