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A study of the ways landscape was perceived in nineteenth-century Britain and France, this book draws on evidence from poetry, landscape gardens, spectacular public entertainments, novels and scientific works as well as paintings in order to develop its basic premise that landscape and the processes of perceiving it cannot be separated. Vision embraces panoramic seeing from high places, but also the seeing of ghosts and spectres when madness and hallucination impinge upon landscape. The rise of geology and the spread of empires upset the existing comfortable orders of comprehension of landscape. Reverie and imagination produced powerful interpretive actions, while landscape in French culture proved central to the rejection of conservative classicism in favour of perceptual questioning of experience. The experience of subjectivity proved central to the perception of landscape while the visual culture of landscape became of paramount importance to modernity during the period in question.
This collection of essays by French and British humanities scholars explores the complex relationship between the two nations in the long nineteenth century. Both countries contemplated the other with admiration and anxiety, using their best enemy to shape their own national identities. Mutual (In)Comprehensions is unique in the range of its coverage, which includes artistic, literary, economic, educational, social, and historical interpretations, interactions, and appropriations. British railway engineers consider the character of the French railway worker; a French illustrator portrays with disturbing insight the social divisions of Victorian London; British agricultural writers find cause for reflection in the condition of the French peasantry; and an English Anglo-Catholic considers the lessons for her church in the history of post-Reformation French Catholicism. French architects discover something to admire in the British Gothic Revival, while geographical societies on both sides of the Channel exhibit a spirit of international co-operation. Including the work of both established academics and young scholars, the collection demonstrates the significance of Franco-British interactions over the long nineteenth century, and shows that – as ever – British culture can only be fully understood within a Continental framework, and vice versa. This volume will appeal to scholars of Victorian culture, in particular French and British nineteenth-century literature and art, as well as to academics interested in the development of national identities and international cultural relations.
This book offers an innovative reassessment of the way Victorians thought and wrote about visual experience. It argues that new visual technologies gave expression to new ways of seeing, using these to uncover the visual discourses that facilitated, informed and shaped the way people conceptualised and articulated visual experience. In doing so, the book reconsiders literary and non-fiction works by well-known authors including George Eliot, Charles Dickens, G.H. Lewes, Max Nordau, Herbert Spencer, and Joseph Conrad, as well as shedding light on less-known works drawn from the periodical press. By revealing the discourses that formed around visual technologies, the book challenges and builds upon existing scholarship to provide a powerful new model by which to understand how the Victorians experienced, conceptualised, and wrote about vision.
These paintings - dreams of nature as a web of life in which human beings occupy a peripheral role - overwhelmed Rousseau's contemporaries with their novel light effects, original perspective, and "sheer profusion of visual sensation." While Baudelaire considered them superior to even Corot's works, they baffled art critics and have never fit convincingly into the received categories of naturalism, "pre-Impressionism," or modernism."--Jacket.
This interdisciplinary volume explains the phenomenon of nationalism in nineteenth-century Europe through the prism of Graeco-Roman antiquity. Through a series of case studies covering a broad range of source material, it demonstrates the different purposes the heritage of the classical world was put to during a turbulent period in European history. Contributors include classicists, historians, archaeologists, art historians and others.
In the decades following the French Revolution, landscape paintings appeared at exhibitions in greater numbers than ever before and with more critical approval; at the same time, France's actual landscapes were being reconfigured, in both physical and symbolic ways. This dissertation investigates the relationship between land reform and landscape representation following the French Revolution through to the early Third Republic (1790-circa 1880), combining object study with environmental history to draw out the political stakes of seemingly picturesque scenes. Looking beyond painting to include an analysis of decorative arts and visual culture, this study challenges established hierarchies of fine and decorative arts, canonical and non-canonical artists, and attention to Paris over the provinces. My first chapter considers the role of mountains, and their depiction, in defining France's "natural limits"; the second, state-supported representations of ports, from images of the nation's coastal strongholds painted by Joseph Vernet in the eighteenth century to engravings produced by his nineteenth-century successor, Louis Garneray, as a form of visual border control; the third, the impact of a stringent forestry code passed in 1827 on Barbizon artists' aesthetic and material choices; and finally, the state's decision, in 1857, to drain wetlands in the southwest and the resulting effort on the part of local photographer Félix Arnaudin to preserve that disappearing landscape in images. Taken together, these chapters evidence the active role images played in renegotiating the meaning of land in post-Revolutionary France, and I argue for a more expansive view of the promise and possibility of landscape representation in both consolidating the nation and registering local reaction.
Evoking the sensory richness and ambitions of the beloved French artist's work through a multifaceted exploration of his art, career, and legacy Cezanne presents a new examination of the work of Paul Cezanne (1839-1906) across media and genres, surveying his career from the varied perspectives of art historians, conservation scientists, and a roster of renowned contemporary painters, including Etel Adnan, Phyllida Barlow, Paul Chan, Julia Fish, Ellen Gallagher, Lubaina Himid, Kerry James Marshall, Rodney McMillian, Laura Owens, and Luc Tuymans. Featuring wide-ranging essays and a series of maps tracing Cezanne's travels across the French landscape, this lavishly illustrated publication highlights the artist's favorite motifs, influence on his peers, and pivotal role in the development of modern art, in addition to presenting state-of-the-art technical analysis of his pigments and methods. It offers a fresh look at the ways in which Cezanne, driven by what he described as "strong sensations," sought to develop a visual language that could fully translate his intense feelings into paintings. In doing so, he opened up possibilities that were embraced and elaborated by artists in his time and into the present. Distributed for the Art Institute of Chicago Exhibition Schedule: Art Institute of Chicago (May 15-September 5, 2022) Tate Modern, London (October 5, 2022-March 12, 2023)