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Semiannual, with semiannual and annual indexes. References to all scientific and technical literature coming from DOE, its laboratories, energy centers, and contractors. Includes all works deriving from DOE, other related government-sponsored information, and foreign nonnuclear information. Arranged under 39 categories, e.g., Biomedical sciences, basic studies; Biomedical sciences, applied studies; Health and safety; and Fusion energy. Entry gives bibliographical information and abstract. Corporate, author, subject, report number indexes.
The proceedings center around a review and discussion of the most significant results obtained to date through the study of nuclear structure with electromagnetic and other high energy probes.
The Winter School "Nuclear Matter and Heavy Ion Collisions", a NATO Research Workshop held at Les Houches in February 89, has been devoted to recent developments in nuclear matter theory and to the study of central heavy ion collisions in which quasi macroscopic nuclear systems can be formed at various temperatures and densities. At in cident energies below 100 Me V per nucleon, the kinematic conditions are favourable for producing transient hot nuclei with temperatures of the order of a few MeV. At higher ener gies (100 MeV
In many areas of physics, such as astrophysics, solid-state physics, nuclear physics and particle physics, a major outstanding problem is a better understanding of corre lation phenomena. While in most cases the average properties of a system are rather well understood, the correlations and the resulting clustering are poorly understood. They are reflections of the force mediating the interaction among the constituents and play essential roles in determining the structure of a physical system. At the largest scales, in astrophysics, it has recently been realized that there are huge voids in space and almost all matter is concentrated on filaments, raising interesting questions concerning the origin of this clustering of matter. In nuclear physics corre lation phenomena are important in all its subfields. It has been realized that so-called fluctuations in the one-particle density, which are a manifestation of nucleon-nucleon correlations, are crucial. These are important for an understanding of heavy-ion reac tions. This is the subject of modern quantum transport theories. Correlations are also crucial in the description of the high momentum components as observed in quasi-elastic knock-out reactions.
It is apparent from the history of science, that few-body problems have an interdis ciplinary character. Newton, after solving the two-body problem so brilliantly, tried his hand at the Sun-Earth-Moon system. Here he failed in two respects: neither was he able to compute the motion of the moon accurately, nor did he understand the reason for that. It took a long time to understand the fundamental importance of Newton's failure, and only Poincare realised what was the fundamental difficulty in Newtons programme. Nowadays, the term deterministic chaos is associated with this problem. The deep insights of Poincare were neglected by the founding fathers of Quantum Physics. Thus history was repeated by Bohr and his students. After quantising the hydrogen atom, they soon found that the textbook case of a three-body problem in atomic physics, the 3He-atom, did not yield to the Bohr-Sommerfeld quantisation methods. Only these days do people realise what precisely were the difficulties connected to this semi classical way of treating quantum systems. Our field, as we know it today, began in principle in the early 1950's, when Watson sketched the outlines of three-body scattering theory. Mathematical rigour was achieved by Faddeev and thereafter, at the beginning of the 1960's, the quantum three-body prob lem, at least as far as short-range forces were concerned, w&s tamed. In the years that followed, through the work of others, who first applied Faddeev's methods, but later added new techniques, the three-and four-body problems became fully housebroken.
One of the main goals of intermediate energy nuclear physics, which serves an important role as a bridge between nuclear and particle physics, is to construct the theory of strong interaction phenomena in terms of conventional degrees of freedom (nucleons, deltas and mesons) as well as of quark degrees of freedom.The main topics to be discussed at this conference are the interaction of pions and other mesons with nuclei at intermediate energies and the role of mesonic degrees of freedom in nuclear reactions, including photon, hadron and heavy ion induced reactions. Both theoretical and experimental results will be included.Over the past two decades, the Meson Factories, including LAMPF, TRIUMF, and PSI, have provided us with systematic experimental information on hadron-hadron and hadron-nucleus dynamics. Major accelerators of JINR are also suitable for studying problems in Intermediate Energy Nuclear Physics. At the present time, first experiments have been performed with the proton beams at the Moscow Meson Factory of INR. One of the purposes of this conference is to introduce the intermediate-energy physics community to the possibility of utilizing the facilities of JINR and INR during the next decade.
The nucleus and its constituents are a challenging problem. The lectures collected in this book present a broad and comprehensive review of the current knowledge about nuclei.They cover topics such as searching for signatures of the quarks in nuclei with electromagnetic probes and, at much higher energies, for signatures of the quark-gluon plasma in ultrarelativistic nuclear collisions. The attempts to obtain new nuclei in the laboratory are also discussed, as well as the central role played by nuclear physics in the development of weak interactions. Progress in all these areas rests on a deeper theoretical handling of the nuclear and nucleon’s structure. The latter can also be addressed by relying on numerical solutions of QCD on a discrete space-time lattice. The advancement of computational capabilities has spurred a growing interest in this approach. Finally, the book deals with different paths toward solving non-perturbative QCD.
This volume contains the proceedings of the "International Conference on Spin Excitations in Nuclei" held in Telluride, Colo rado, March 25-27, 1982. The motivation for the conference was, in a large part due to the recent development of new variable energy accelerators which produce high quality beams of electrons, protons, and pions that are providing the first precise information on spin excitations in nuclei over a large range of spin and mass. In the past such data had been restricted primarily to light nuclei and were generally resolution limited. Perhaps, the most exciting new result has been the clear observation of the elusive spin-dipole strength (Gamow Teller and Ml) in medium and heavy mass nuclei through the use of the (p,n) and (p,p') reactions at or near zero degrees with 100-200 MeV incident protons. Energy dependence in the isovector parts of the nucleon-nucleon interaction make the 100-200 MeV energy region particularly appropriate for such studies. The clean data from (e,e'), ('IT,'IT'), (p,p'), and (p,n) on high spin "stretched" states which have particularly simple structure has also been quite impor tant. The recent results contain important new information on the nature of the spin dependent forces in nuclei. These in turn are inherently related to the properties of the nuclear mesonic field and the underlying quantum chromodynamics.