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This volume brings together the latest work in Russian labour history, based on exciting materials from previously closed archives and collections. Sixteen essays, focusing on peasants and workers, explore the lives and struggles of working people. Ranging over a century of dramatic upheaval, from the late 1800s to the present, the essays are organized around three broad themes: workers' politics, incentives and coercion within industrial and rural workplaces, and household strategies. The volume explores the relationship between the peasantry and the working class, a nexus that has been central to state policy, oppositional politics, economic development, and household configuration. It profiles a working class rent by divisions and defined not only by its relationship to the workplace or the state, but also by its household strategies for daily survival. The essays explore many topics accessible for the first time, including the motivations of women workers, roots of revolutionary activism, the revolutionary movement outside the great cities, socialist opposition to the Soviet regime, reactions of workers to Stalinist terror, socialist tourism, peasant families in forced exile, and work discipline on the collective farms.
This book seeks to discover the extent to which the claim—the provision of regular paid labour and a permanent occupation for all who are able to work—is true and whether there are any features of society in distinction from capitalism which lead to the provision of full employment.
The book is concerned with the right of an employee of a Soviet state enterprise to keep his existing job, unless he/she voluntarily quit it to search for another, and with the maintaining of overfull employment in all regional labor markets of the Soviet Union. The author hypothesises that over most other objectives to preserving these conditions favorable for labor. This hypothesis is contrasted with that which explains the low unemployment and low dismissal rate in the Soviet Union simply by the oberheating of the economy, finding a parallel here with capitalist economies in high-boom periods. The novelty of the book is twofold. It is the first examination of the Soviet economy from the theoretic viewpoint described above. Second, it is a full length treatment of labor markets in the Soviet Union and is the first study of such markets since that of Abram Bergson published in the 1940s. Indeed, no similar treatment of labor markets exists for any centrally planned socialist economy.
A thought-provoking analysis of how the principles of scientific management in the work place have been applied to the organization of leisure time.
Originally published in 1981, this study is concerned with the extent to which the goal of sexual equality in employment, as set out, for example, in the Soviet constitutions of 1936 or 1977, had been realised in the USSR at the time. The main focus is on the nature and extent of economic inequality in the Soviet Union; the subject has wider implications, not only for our understanding of the USSR but also for our perceptions of the way that labour markets operate in a more general setting. The book should be of interest to feminists and labour economists as well as those with a professional interest in the Soviet Union.
Perestroika in the Soviet Union has necessitated a radical transformation of the labour market. This book encompasses a broad range of views of labour policy-makers and economists from the USSR and abroad. It analyzes recent developments in employment, unemployment, wages and social protection.