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Rethinks the concepts of nation, imperialism, and globalization by examining the everyday writing of the newspaper chronicle and blog in Spain and Latin America. In The Everyday Atlantic, Tania Gentic offers a new understanding of the ways in which individuals and communities perceive themselves in the twentieth-century Atlantic world. She grounds her study in first-time comparative readings of daily newspaper texts, written in Spanish, Portuguese, and Catalan. Known as chronicles, these everyday literary writings are a precursor to the blog and reveal the ephemerality of identity as it is represented and received daily. Throughout the text Gentic offers fresh readings of well-known and lesser-known chroniclers (cronistas), including Eugeni d’Ors (Catalonia), Germán Arciniegas (Colombia), Clarice Lispector (Brazil), Carlos Monsiváis (Mexico), and Brazilian blogger Ricardo Noblat. While previous approaches to the Atlantic have focused on geographical crossings by subjects, Gentic highlights the everyday moments of reading and thought in which discourses of nation, postcolonialism, and globalization come into conflict. Critics have often evaluated in isolation how ideology, ethics, affect, and the body inform identity; however, Gentic skillfully combines these approaches to demonstrate how the chronicle exposes everyday representations of self and community.
While the fin de siècle has received considerable attention as a critical concept, the first decade of a new century has been less well studied. The chapters in this volume consider the distinctive cultural significance of the ‘noughties’ in the Hispanic and Lusophone world, looking at the specific cultural, political and economic circumstances of the decade, and in some cases proposing notions of an identifiable ‘noughties sensibility’ or ‘noughties generation’ which may flow out of, or stand in reaction against, the malaise of the fin de siècle. Drawing on specialist, area-specific knowledge, the authors consider the significance of the noughties across different eras. The contributions include chapters on how Brazil is negotiating the complicated terrain of digital literacy; the painful re-examination of the civil war that is taking place in Spain; and the negative effects of the economy on women’s lives in Argentina. The chapters examine film, digital media, theatre, fiction, the economy and history, all taking the noughties as a focal point. The multiple perspectives will reveal the commonalities of experiences that a particular period brings about as well as showing up the distinctive local differences.
During Latin America's third democratic wave, a majority of countries adopted a runoff rule for the election of the president, effectively dampening plurality voting, opening the political arena to new parties, and assuring the public that the president will never have anything less than majority support. In a region in which undemocratic political parties were common and have often been dominated by caudillos, cautious naysayers have voiced concerns about the runoff process, arguing that a proliferation of new political parties vying for power is a sign of inferior democracy. This book is the first rigorous assessment of the implications of runoff versus plurality rules throughout Latin America, and demonstrates that, in contrast to early scholarly skepticism about runoff, it has been positive for democracy in the region. Primarily through qualitative analysis for each country, the author argues that, indeed, an important advantage of runoff is the greater openness of the political arena to new parties--at the same time that measures can be taken to inhibit party proliferation. In this context, it is also the first volume to address whether or not a runoff rule with a reduced threshold (for example, 40% with a 10-point lead) is a felicitous compromise between majority runoff and plurality. The book considers the potential for the superiority of runoff to travel beyond Latin America--in particular, and rather provocatively, to the United States.