Download Free La Financiacion De Las Pyme Europeas Su Relacion Con El Entorno Bancario E Institucional Book in PDF and EPUB Free Download. You can read online La Financiacion De Las Pyme Europeas Su Relacion Con El Entorno Bancario E Institucional and write the review.

Las pequeñas y medianas empresas (pyme) suelen encontrar grandes dificultades en el acceso a la financiación que necesitan para el desarrollo de su actividad empresarial. Estas empresas, en comparación con aquellas de mayor tamaño, son percibidas como empresas de alto riesgo debido a que sus estados financieros no suelen estar auditados, a la falta de un amplio historial crediticio o a la ausencia de activos que ofrecer como garantías. Estas características agravan las asimetrías informativas y los problemas de agencia y, como consecuencia, las pyme acaban experimentando graves restricciones financieras. Sin embargo, las decisiones de financiación de las pyme no sólo dependen de sus propias características, sino que además, las características de los países donde operan tienen un impacto directo en su acceso a la financiación. El funcionamiento y la solidez de las instituciones y del sector bancario son factores potenciadores o atenuadores del alcance de los problemas de agencia y de información asimétrica de las pyme. Por ello, el objetivo de este libro es analizar en qué medida la financiación y las restricciones financieras a las que se enfrentan las pyme se encuentran determinadas por la estructura del sector bancario y con el funcionamiento de las instituciones del país en el que operan. Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) often face major difficulties in accessing the finance they need to invest in their activities. SMEs, compared to large companies, are perceived as high-risk firms because they usually do not have audited financial statements, a large credit history or enough assets to pledge as collaterals. These characteristics aggravate informational asymmetries and agency problems and, as a result, SMEs end up experiencing severe financial constraints. However, SME financing decisions not only depend on their own characteristics, but the characteristics of the countries in which they operate also have a direct impact on their access to finance. The development and soundness of the institutions and the banking sector are factors that enhance or mitigate the scope of information asymmetries and agency problems of SMEs. Therefore, the aim of this book is to analyze the extent to which the financing of SMEs and their financial constraints are related to the structure of the banking sector and the development of the institutions of the country in which they operate.
This paper examines the distributional impact of capital account liberalization. Using panel data for 149 countries from 1970 to 2010, we find that, on average, capital account liberalization reforms increase inequality and reduce the labor share of income in the short and medium term. We also find that the level of financial development and the occurrence of crises play a key role in shaping the response of inequality to capital account liberalization reforms.
A manifesto for a radically different philosophy and practice of manufacture and environmentalism "Reduce, reuse, recycle" urge environmentalists; in other words, do more with less in order to minimize damage. But as this provocative, visionary book argues, this approach perpetuates a one-way, "cradle to grave" manufacturing model that dates to the Industrial Revolution and casts off as much as 90 percent of the materials it uses as waste, much of it toxic. Why not challenge the notion that human industry must inevitably damage the natural world? In fact, why not take nature itself as our model? A tree produces thousands of blossoms in order to create another tree, yet we do not consider its abundance wasteful but safe, beautiful, and highly effective; hence, "waste equals food" is the first principle the book sets forth. Products might be designed so that, after their useful life, they provide nourishment for something new-either as "biological nutrients" that safely re-enter the environment or as "technical nutrients" that circulate within closed-loop industrial cycles, without being "downcycled" into low-grade uses (as most "recyclables" now are). Elaborating their principles from experience (re)designing everything from carpeting to corporate campuses, William McDonough and Michael Braungart make an exciting and viable case for change.
'The rise to dominance of finance in the past three decades has had many profound effects on economic performance. In this book Eckhard Hein provides us with detailed, well-grounded and highly insightful analyses of the macroeconomic impacts on investment, employment, global imbalances, income distribution and much more. This is "must read" for those wanting to comprehend the macroeconomics of the era of financialization, and for those seeking macro-economic policies to address the financial crisis and bring economic prosperity.' – Malcolm Sawyer, University of Leeds, UK 'Eckhard Hein examines the causes and consequences of financialisation. His book is economics as it should always be: it combines reflections, data gathering, empirical analysis, theoretical formalization, and policy recommendations. Hein goes beyond the exuberant behaviour of the banking industry to analyse the global financial crisis and the eurozone crisis, showing, through various variants of a Kaleckian growth model, the macroeconomic consequences of the rising dominance of finance over modern capitalism during the last three decades.' – Marc Lavoie, University of Ottawa, Canada In this timely and thought-provoking book, Eckhard Hein illustrates that the Great Recession, which hit the world economy in 2008/09, is rooted in the contradictions of finance-dominated capitalism. the author provides an in-depth exploration of the macroeconomics of finance-dominated capitalism, its problems and its crisis, and presents economic policy lessons and alternatives. In particular, he shows that since the early 1980s, finance-dominated capitalism has affected long-run economic developments via three distinct channels: • the re-distribution of income at the expense of low labour incomes, • the dampening of investment in real capital stock, • and an increasing potential for wealth-based and debt-financed consumption. the author concludes that against the background of these basic macroeconomic tendencies, increasing instability potentials at the national economy levels and rising current account imbalances at both global and European levels have developed and have contributed to the severity of the Great Recession. This systematic study of finance-dominated capitalism presented from a macroeconomic perspective will prove a thought-provoking read for academics, researchers, graduate students and economic policy consultants with an interest in macroeconomics, financial economics, economic policies, and distribution and growth.
Outsourcing Economics has a double meaning. First, it is a book about the economics of outsourcing. Second, it examines the way that economists have understood globalization as a pure market phenomenon, and as a result have 'outsourced' the explanation of world economic forces to other disciplines. Markets are embedded in a set of institutions - labor, government, corporate, civil society, and household - that mold the power asymmetries that influence the distribution of the gains from globalization. In this book, William Milberg and Deborah Winkler propose an institutional theory of trade and development starting with the growth of global value chains - international networks of production that have restructured the global economy and its governance over the past twenty-five years. They find that offshoring leads to greater economic insecurity in industrialized countries that lack institutions supporting workers. They also find that offshoring allows firms to reduce domestic investment and focus on finance and short-run stock movements.
A collection in four volumes of writings on international financial centres, suitable for financial practitioners and students. It encompasses the moves to European financial integration, the dynamic rise of new centres, particularly in Asia and the Pacific, and challenges to existing centres.
This books presents a theory of economic development very different from the "stages of growth" hypothesis or strategies emphasizing foreign aid, trade, or regional association. Leaving these aside, the author breaks new ground by focusing on the use of domestic capital markets to stimulate economic performance. He suggests a "bootstrap" approach in which successful development would depend largely on policy choices made by national authorities in the developing countries themselves. Central to his theory is the freeing of domestic financial markets to allow interest rates to reflect the true scarcity of capital in a developing economy. His analysis leads to a critique of prevailing monetary theory and to a new view of the relation between money and physical capital—a view with policy implications for governments striving to overcome the vicious circle of inflation and stagnation. Examining the performance of South Korea, Taiwan, Brazil, and other countries, the author suggests that their success or failure has depended primarily on steps taken in the monetary sector. He concludes that monetary reform should take precedence over other development measures, such as tariff and tax reform or the encouragement of foreign capital investment. In addition to challenging much of the conventional wisdom of development, the author's revision of accepted monetary theory may be relevant for mature economies that face monetary problems.
This eleventh biennial OECD Communications Outlook examines recent developments in the communications sector, which has emerged from the global financial crisis (GFC) with a resilience and underlying strength reflecting its critical role in today’s economies.
This report highlights the relationship between tourism and culture and the interdependency of the two sectors. The report, based on a UNWTO survey, affirms that cultural tourism plays a major role in global tourism. It also reveals that the sector transformed lifestyles, created new culture forms and enhanced innovation in technology.
Spain's membership of the European Union since 1986 has had a major impact. Driven primarily by political concerns to secure democracy, membership has also served as a catalyst to dynamic economic development in Spain. This book analyzes how the EU has helped shape the political process in Spain, focusing on the key institutions and the policy process. At the same time, Spain's increasingly proactive role within the EU is also explored, with particular attention given to the country's international position in post-Cold War Europe.