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Esta obra colectiva se inserta dentro de la línea de investigación «Los actores sociales en los lugares de producción y consumo», desarrollada en el marco del grupo de investigación «Problemas Sociales en Andalucía». A través de la articulación de once capítulos, escritos por veinticinco investigadores e investigadoras asociados a esta línea, se muestra el proceso de localización de la economía global, tomando como ejemplo la empresa transnacional. De manera concreta, se atiende a los procesos de relocalización industrial que han tenido lugar en las regiones no fronterizas de Puebla (México) y Casablanca-Settat (Marruecos), en comparación con las regiones fronterizas de Baja California (México) y Tánger-Tetuán-Alhucemas (Marruecos). Con el fin de incrementar sus beneficios, las empresas están conquistando regiones no fronterizas situadas en el Sur en su búsqueda del producto de éxito: artículos con bajos costes laborales y muy demandados por los consumidores a través de una clara estrategia de marketing. Para ello, se subcontrata la producción reduciendo los costes salariales e invisibilizando los daños medioambientales ante los ojos de los consumidores, lo que tiene un impacto directo en las relaciones de género, la familia, la educación, el comercio transfronterizo o la migración, y que necesariamente se encuentra vinculado a los modelos de desarrollo y de gobernanza global. Los resultados principales señalan que la precarización del trabajo en los mercados laborales fronterizos y no fronterizos (con grados y expresiones distintas) se interconecta con la estrategia de la empresa transnacional en la promoción y legitimación de las pautas de los consumidores en el Norte Global.
Qué es la Economía Mundial La economía mundial o economía global es la economía de todos los humanos en el mundo, refiriéndose al sistema económico global, que incluye todas las actividades económicas realizadas tanto dentro como entre naciones, incluyendo la producción, el consumo, la gestión económica, el trabajo en general, el intercambio de valores financieros y el comercio de bienes y servicios. En algunos contextos, los dos términos son distintos: la "economía internacional" o "global" se mide por separado y se distingue de las economías nacionales, mientras que la "economía mundial" es simplemente un agregado de las mediciones de los países separados. Más allá del estándar mínimo relativo al valor en la producción, el uso y el intercambio, las definiciones, representaciones, modelos y valoraciones de la economía mundial varían ampliamente. Es inseparable de la geografía y ecología del planeta Tierra. Cómo se beneficiará (I) Insights y validaciones sobre los siguientes temas: Capítulo 1: Economía mundial Capítulo 2: Economía de Canadá Capítulo 3: Economía de Chad Capítulo 4: Economía de Guinea Capítulo 5: Economía de Indonesia Capítulo 6: Economía de Sierra Leona Capítulo 7: Economía de Tanzania Capítulo 8: Economía de Tailandia Capítulo 9: Economía del Reino Unido Capítulo 10: Economía de Ucrania Capítulo 11: Economía de Estados Unidos Capítulo 12: Economía de Venezuela Capítulo 13: Producto mundial bruto Capítulo 14: Economía de Mozambique Capítulo 15: Economía de Francia Capítulo 16: Economía de Australia Capítulo 17: Economía de la India Capítulo 18: Economía de China Capítulo 19: Historia económica de Italia Capítulo 20: Economía de Beijing Capítulo 21: Política económica de la administración de Donald Trump (II) Respondiendo a las principales preguntas del público sobre la economía mundial. (III) Ejemplos del mundo real sobre el uso de la economía mundial en muchos campos. Para quién es este libro Profesionales , estudiantes de pregrado y posgrado, entusiastas, aficionados y aquellos que quieran ir más allá del conocimiento o la información básica para cualquier tipo de Economía Mundial.
This edition of the World Bank has been revised and expanded by the Terminology Unit in the Languages Services Division of the World Bank in collaboration with the English, Spanish, and French Translation Sections. The Glossary is intended to assist the Bank's translators and interpreters, other Bank staff using French and Spanish in their work, and free-lance translator's and interpreters employed by the Bank. For this reason, the Glossary contains not only financial and economic terminology and terms relating to the Bank's procedures and practices, but also terms that frequently occur in Bank documents, and others for which the Bank has a preferred equivalent. Although many of these terms, relating to such fields as agriculture, education, energy, housing, law, technology, and transportation, could be found in other sources, they have been assembled here for ease of reference. A list of acronyms occurring frequently in Bank texts (the terms to which they refer being found in the Glossary) and a list of international, regional, and national organizations will be found at the end of the Glossary.
The North American Mosaic has four overarching features. First, it is, to the extent feasible, based on comparable information on the status and trends of major indicators of the state of the environment in Canada,Mexico, and the United States. Second, the report confirms that these three countries together make up an incredibly complex, dynamic, and interconnected ecosystem in which humans play a dominant and decisive role. Third, the report raises important and sometimes disquieting questions concerning the sustainability of some current trends. Finally, the report is a reminder that our economic, social, and physical well-being are utterly dependent on the life-sustaining services provided by nature. This report emphasizes the importance of developing mutually compatible economic, social, and environmental goals and policies across the three-country region.
Recent years have yielded significant advances in computing and communication technologies, with profound impacts on society. Technology is transforming the way we work, play, and interact with others. From these technological capabilities, new industries, organizational forms, and business models are emerging. Technological advances can create enormous economic and other benefits, but can also lead to significant changes for workers. IT and automation can change the way work is conducted, by augmenting or replacing workers in specific tasks. This can shift the demand for some types of human labor, eliminating some jobs and creating new ones. Information Technology and the U.S. Workforce explores the interactions between technological, economic, and societal trends and identifies possible near-term developments for work. This report emphasizes the need to understand and track these trends and develop strategies to inform, prepare for, and respond to changes in the labor market. It offers evaluations of what is known, notes open questions to be addressed, and identifies promising research pathways moving forward.
A manifesto for a radically different philosophy and practice of manufacture and environmentalism "Reduce, reuse, recycle" urge environmentalists; in other words, do more with less in order to minimize damage. But as this provocative, visionary book argues, this approach perpetuates a one-way, "cradle to grave" manufacturing model that dates to the Industrial Revolution and casts off as much as 90 percent of the materials it uses as waste, much of it toxic. Why not challenge the notion that human industry must inevitably damage the natural world? In fact, why not take nature itself as our model? A tree produces thousands of blossoms in order to create another tree, yet we do not consider its abundance wasteful but safe, beautiful, and highly effective; hence, "waste equals food" is the first principle the book sets forth. Products might be designed so that, after their useful life, they provide nourishment for something new-either as "biological nutrients" that safely re-enter the environment or as "technical nutrients" that circulate within closed-loop industrial cycles, without being "downcycled" into low-grade uses (as most "recyclables" now are). Elaborating their principles from experience (re)designing everything from carpeting to corporate campuses, William McDonough and Michael Braungart make an exciting and viable case for change.
When feminists argued for political rights in the context of liberal democracy, they insisted that the differences between men and women were irrelevant for citizenship. Yet by acting on behalf of women, they introduced the very idea of difference they sought to eliminate. Scott reads feminist history in terms of this paradox.
Cities of Tomorrow is a critical history of planning in theory and practice in the twentieth century, as well as of the social and economic problems and opportunities that gave rise to it. Trenchant, perceptive, global in coverage, this book is an unrivalled account of its crucial subject. The third edition of Cities of Tomorrow is comprehensively revised to take account of abundant new literature published since its original appearance, and to view the 1990s in historical perspective. This is the definitive edition, reviewing the development of the modern planning movement over the entire span of the twentieth century.