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La escuela puede entenderse como instancia de mediación cultural entre los significados, sentimientos y conductas de la comunidad social y el desarrollo particular de las nuevas generaciones. Como consecuencia de las transformaciones y cambios radicales en la sociedad contemporánea, se cuestiona el mismo sentido de la escuela actual, su función social y la naturaleza del quehacer educativo. Los docentes aparecen sin iniciativa, arrinconados o desplazados por la arrolladora fuerza de los hechos, por la vertiginosa sucesión de acontecimientos que han convertido en obsoletos sus contenidos y sus prácticas. Parecen carecer de iniciativa para afrontar exigencias nuevas porque en definitiva, se encuentran atrapados por la presencia imperceptible y pertinaz de una cultura escolar adaptada a situaciones pretéritas. Para recuperar la iniciativa de la escuela, el autor sugiere empezar a entenderla como un cruce de culturas, que provocan tensiones, aperturas, restricciones y contrastes en la construcción de significados y en la formación de conductas. Con este propósito, y desde una perspectiva innovadora y provocativa, desarrolla un detenido estudio de los distintos aspectos que componen cada una de estas culturas (crítica, social, institucional, experiencial y académica) que interactúan en el espacio escolar y cuyo conocimiento puede ayudar a clarificar el conjunto de factores, frecuentemente inadvertidos, que condicionan los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje y que frecuentemente se han incluido en el socorrido "concepto paraguas" denominado curriculum oculto.Introducción: La escuela como encrucijada de culturas. La cultura crítica. Postmodernidad. Etnocentrismo, relativismo y universalidad. Razón y ética. Hacia una nueva racionalidad de la representación y de la acción. Crisis epistemológica: el cambio de régimen en ciencias sociales. La cultura social. Economía de libre mercado. Política. Revolución electrónica, información y opinión pública.
Hemos construido la pedagogía al margen de las personas para las que se dirige. Las políticas educativas se centran ahora en grandes cifras, extraídas de enormes herramientas estadísticas omnipresentes a lo largo y ancho del planeta, que comparan realidades radicalmente diferentes y desiguales sin ningún pudor. Como respuesta a esta realidad y de forma casi residual, se han ido creando en las últimas décadas estudios que buscan «dar voz» a quienes no la tienen.Sin embargo, todas las personas tienen voz, aunque algunas no han sido oídas mínimamente. Por tanto, el primer paso para estudiar sus realidades es reconocer sus voces y el valor de lo que dicen. En el fracaso escolar, por ejemplo, algo tendrán que decir quienes lo sufren?
As countries experience increasing cultural diversity both within and between their borders, contemporary researchers are exploring the connection between culture and children's learning and academic experiences. One important goal is to provide all children with educational experiences that are culturally sensitive, relevant, and effective in helping them reach their maximum potential and preparing them for the future. With over twenty-five contributing authors, this volume investigates the connection between culture and children's schooling and learning experiences from multidisciplinary perspectives, diverse methodologies, and cross-cultural and culture specific approaches. The common thread running through the chapters is the understanding that learning is an activity that takes place within cultural contexts. Together, the chapters highlight the forces that shape children's everyday learning experiences. Core themes address how parental beliefs and cultural ways of learning and problem-solving shape children's learning experiences and social interactions with teachers; the importance of quality early childhood education and playful learning to children's school success and development; and how the complex intersection of cultural variables with forces such as historical injustice, social and educational inequality, economic stability, and political ideologies shape children's learning. The volume honors the experiences of Indigenous, newcomer, first-generation children, and children of underrepresented communities and highlights the vital role that policy makers, teacher educators, schools, and classroom educators play in helping all children reach their academic and social potential.
Active participation in processes of change are an essential aspect of community participation, and proper recognition of opportunities for participation facilitate community engagement nationally and internationally. Education and its relation to citizenship in recent years has become one of the most important fields of research. From different areas and contexts, it has been revealed that there is a prevailing need for education for citizens to take part actively in the processes of change and improvement that the current global situation requires. The Handbook of Research on Education for Participative Citizenship and Global Prosperity is a pivotal reference source focusing on the productions and fields of study that are carried out all over the world on education for citizenship, namely the devices that provide young people with the consciousness and highlight the aspects of an active democratic life. While highlighting topics such as citizenship identity, educational policy, and social justice, this publication explores participation instruction, as well as the methods of community involvement. This book is ideally designed for educational administrators, policymakers, researchers, professionals, and educators seeking current research on instructional methods for teaching active community and political involvement.
In The Oxford Handbook of the Psychology of Competition, Stephen M. Garcia, Avishalom Tor, and Andrew J. Elliot review and organize the literature on the psychology of competition and bring together leading researchers studying competition across the field of psychology. The first section on Biological Approaches reviews findings on competition from the subfields of psychobiology, neuroscience, psycho-endocrinology, and evolutionary psychology. The section on Motivational and Emotional Approaches examines the opposing motivational forces in competition and describes how competitive motivation is influenced by goals, competitive arousal, and envy. Cognitive and Decision-Making Approaches showcases relevant findings from the literature on judgment and decision making, social dilemmas, cognitive biases, and risk-taking. The section on Social-Personality and Organizational Approaches includes chapters on trait competitiveness, gender differences in competition, rivalry, status competition, and social comparison. The volume concludes with a section in which the psychological study of competition is focused on specific contexts, such as sports, education, and culture. The Oxford Handbook of the Psychology of Competition is a crucial interdisciplinary investigation into the variety of perspectives and approaches to the psychology of competition, facilitating new research and integration in the field.
Taking the discussion about cultural diversity beyond the usual topics of anti-racism and inclusion but without overlooking these issues, this book considers current debates around the alleged failure of multiculturalism, and encourages practitioners to utilise their own cultural backgrounds and experiences as a way of developing their teaching. With an optimistic outlook, and focusing on the advantages for learning that cultural diversity can offer, the book discusses the concepts of culture, multi-culturalism and inter-cultural competence, and describes the principles that underpin good practice. It is packed full of case studies from a variety of early years settings, with ideas to try out and interactive exercises to aid reflection. Issues covered in the book include: - addressing cultural diversity in staff meetings, and on short training courses - planning a critical audit of your setting - working with parents from a variety of cultural backgrounds - how to explain diversity to young children - the overwhelmingly white British setting - settings where white British children are in the minority - curriculum developments in different parts of the UK, post-devolution Written for all early childhood students and early years practitioners, it is relevant to anyone interested in inclusion, society and global citizenship. Peter Baldock has worked extensively in early years education as a teacher, in community development, in registration and inspection of early years services, and as an Associate Lecturer with the Open University. His publications include three books on early years services, and he is actively involved in Sheffield′s 0-19+ Partnership on behalf of the voluntary sector.
This handbook presents and critiques predominant and emergent traditions of Educational Action Research internationally. Now a prominent methodology, Educational Action Research is well suited to exploring, developing and sustaining change processes both in classrooms and whole organisations such as schools, Departments of Education, and many segments of universities. The handbook contains theoretical and practical based chapters by highly respected scholars whose work has been seminal in building knowledge and expertise in the field. It also contains chapters exemplifying the work of prominent practitioner and community groups working outside universities. The Editors provide an introduction and conclusion, as well as an opening chapter which charts the historical development of action research and provides an analysis of its underlying theories. The handbook is organized into four sections, each beginning with a short introduction: - Action research methodology: diversity of rationales and practices - Professional: Knowledge production, staff development, and the status of educators - Personal: Self-awareness, development and identity - Political: Popular knowledge, difference, and frameworks for change This is a key resource for scholars and graduate students at doctors and masters levels, as well as school leaders and administrators. Susan Noffke is Associate Professor of Curriculum & Instruction at the University of Illinois - Urbana/Champaign and co-editor with R.B. Stevenson of Educational Action Research (Teachers College Press, 1995). She taught at the primary school level for a decade, and has led masters and doctoral level courses in action research for the past 20 years. She continues to work with many collaborative projects with schools and school districts. Bridget Somekh is Professor of Educational Research at Manchester Metropolitan University, UK. She is a founder editor of the Educational Action Research journal and has been a co-ordinator of the Collaborative Action Research Network (CARN) for many years. She is co-editor of Research Methods in the Social Sciences (SAGE: 2005) and author of Action Research: a Methodology for Change and Development (Open University Press: 2006).
The delivery of quality education to students relies heavily on the actions of an institution’s administrative staff. Effective leadership strategies allow for the continued progress of modern educational initiatives. It is crucial to investigate how effective administrators lead their organizations in challenging and difficult times and promote the accomplishments of their organization. Research Anthology on Preparing School Administrators to Lead Quality Education Programs is a vital reference source that offers theoretical and pedagogical research concerning the management of educational systems on both the national and international scale. It also explores academic administration as well as administrative effectiveness in achieving organizational goals. Highlighting a range of topics such as strategic planning, human resources, and school culture, this multi-volume book is ideally designed for educators, administrators, principals, superintendents, board members, researchers, academicians, policymakers, and students.
There has been a huge growth of interest in action research in educational settings over the past 20 years across the Americas, Europe, Australia and Africa - this Handbook provides a scholarly reference text that will inform the development of the field.