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Knowledge Discovery in the Social Sciences helps readers find valid, meaningful, and useful information. It is written for researchers and data analysts as well as students who have no prior experience in statistics or computer science. Suitable for a variety of classes—including upper-division courses for undergraduates, introductory courses for graduate students, and courses in data management and advanced statistical methods—the book guides readers in the application of data mining techniques and illustrates the significance of newly discovered knowledge. Readers will learn to: • appreciate the role of data mining in scientific research • develop an understanding of fundamental concepts of data mining and knowledge discovery • use software to carry out data mining tasks • select and assess appropriate models to ensure findings are valid and meaningful • develop basic skills in data preparation, data mining, model selection, and validation • apply concepts with end-of-chapter exercises and review summaries
A wide-ranging discussion of factors that impede the cumulation of knowledge in the social sciences, including problems of transparency, replication, and reliability. Rather than focusing on individual studies or methods, this book examines how collective institutions and practices have (often unintended) impacts on the production of knowledge.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Open Semantic Technologies for Intelligent System, OSTIS 2020, held in Minsk, Belarus, in February 2020. The 14 revised full papers and 2 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 62 submissions. The papers mainly focus on standardization of intelligent systems and cover wide research fields including knowledge representation and reasoning, semantic networks, natural language processing, temporal reasoning, probabilistic reasoning, multi-agent systems, intelligent agents.
Covering research at the frontier of this field, Privacy-Aware Knowledge Discovery: Novel Applications and New Techniques presents state-of-the-art privacy-preserving data mining techniques for application domains, such as medicine and social networks, that face the increasing heterogeneity and complexity of new forms of data. Renowned authorities
This volume offers selected papers exploring issues arising from scientific discovery in the social sciences. It features a range of disciplines including behavioural sciences, computer science, finance, and statistics with an emphasis on philosophy. The first of the three parts examines methods of social scientific discovery. Chapters investigate the nature of causal analysis, philosophical issues around scale development in behavioural science research, imagination in social scientific practice, and relationships between paradigms of inquiry and scientific fraud. The next part considers the practice of social science discovery. Chapters discuss the lack of genuine scientific discovery in finance where hypotheses concern the cheapness of securities, the logic of scientific discovery in macroeconomics, and the nature of that what discovery with the Solidarity movement as a case study. The final part covers formalising theories in social science. Chapters analyse the abstract model theory of institutions as a way of representing the structure of scientific theories, the semi-automatic generation of cognitive science theories, and computational process models in the social sciences. The volume offers a unique perspective on scientific discovery in the social sciences. It will engage scholars and students with a multidisciplinary interest in the philosophy of science and social science.
This open access book is the first to systematically introduce the principles of urban informatics and its application to every aspect of the city that involves its functioning, control, management, and future planning. It introduces new models and tools being developed to understand and implement these technologies that enable cities to function more efficiently – to become ‘smart’ and ‘sustainable’. The smart city has quickly emerged as computers have become ever smaller to the point where they can be embedded into the very fabric of the city, as well as being central to new ways in which the population can communicate and act. When cities are wired in this way, they have the potential to become sentient and responsive, generating massive streams of ‘big’ data in real time as well as providing immense opportunities for extracting new forms of urban data through crowdsourcing. This book offers a comprehensive review of the methods that form the core of urban informatics from various kinds of urban remote sensing to new approaches to machine learning and statistical modelling. It provides a detailed technical introduction to the wide array of tools information scientists need to develop the key urban analytics that are fundamental to learning about the smart city, and it outlines ways in which these tools can be used to inform design and policy so that cities can become more efficient with a greater concern for environment and equity.
Knowledge Discovery in Big Data from Astronomy and Earth Observation: Astrogeoinformatics bridges the gap between astronomy and geoscience in the context of applications, techniques and key principles of big data. Machine learning and parallel computing are increasingly becoming cross-disciplinary as the phenomena of Big Data is becoming common place. This book provides insight into the common workflows and data science tools used for big data in astronomy and geoscience. After establishing similarity in data gathering, pre-processing and handling, the data science aspects are illustrated in the context of both fields. Software, hardware and algorithms of big data are addressed. Finally, the book offers insight into the emerging science which combines data and expertise from both fields in studying the effect of cosmos on the earth and its inhabitants. - Addresses both astronomy and geosciences in parallel, from a big data perspective - Includes introductory information, key principles, applications and the latest techniques - Well-supported by computing and information science-oriented chapters to introduce the necessary knowledge in these fields
This book is designed to introduce doctoral and graduate students to the process of conducting scientific research in the social sciences, business, education, public health, and related disciplines. It is a one-stop, comprehensive, and compact source for foundational concepts in behavioral research, and can serve as a stand-alone text or as a supplement to research readings in any doctoral seminar or research methods class. This book is currently used as a research text at universities on six continents and will shortly be available in nine different languages.
This two-volume set constitutes the refereed proceedings of the workshops which complemented the 19th Joint European Conference on Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases, ECML PKDD, held in Würzburg, Germany, in September 2019. The 70 full papers and 46 short papers presented in the two-volume set were carefully reviewed and selected from 200 submissions. The two volumes (CCIS 1167 and CCIS 1168) present the papers that have been accepted for the following workshops: Workshop on Automating Data Science, ADS 2019; Workshop on Advances in Interpretable Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence and eXplainable Knowledge Discovery in Data Mining, AIMLAI-XKDD 2019; Workshop on Decentralized Machine Learning at the Edge, DMLE 2019; Workshop on Advances in Managing and Mining Large Evolving Graphs, LEG 2019; Workshop on Data and Machine Learning Advances with Multiple Views; Workshop on New Trends in Representation Learning with Knowledge Graphs; Workshop on Data Science for Social Good, SoGood 2019; Workshop on Knowledge Discovery and User Modelling for Smart Cities, UMCIT 2019; Workshop on Data Integration and Applications Workshop, DINA 2019; Workshop on Machine Learning for Cybersecurity, MLCS 2019; Workshop on Sports Analytics: Machine Learning and Data Mining for Sports Analytics, MLSA 2019; Workshop on Categorising Different Types of Online Harassment Languages in Social Media; Workshop on IoT Stream for Data Driven Predictive Maintenance, IoTStream 2019; Workshop on Machine Learning and Music, MML 2019; Workshop on Large-Scale Biomedical Semantic Indexing and Question Answering, BioASQ 2019.
This comprehensive textbook on data mining details the unique steps of the knowledge discovery process that prescribes the sequence in which data mining projects should be performed, from problem and data understanding through data preprocessing to deployment of the results. This knowledge discovery approach is what distinguishes Data Mining from other texts in this area. The book provides a suite of exercises and includes links to instructional presentations. Furthermore, it contains appendices of relevant mathematical material.