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Engine knock is, as is known, preceded by normal burning of the first part of the charge, and only the part burned last (residual charge), knocks. The aim of the present measurements was, first, to reexamine the combustion form in this residual charge, because of the absence of uniform and frequently contradictory results in the very extensive literature on the subject. On top of that, an attempt was to be made to gain a deeper insight into the mechanism accompanying the combustion process, by means of the electrical test equipment perfected in recent years.
The majority of 0D/1D knock models available today are known for their poor accuracy and the great effort needed for their calibration. Alexander Fandakov presents a novel, extensively validated phenomenological knock model for the development of future engine concepts within a 0D/1D simulation environment that has one engine-specific calibration parameter. Benchmarks against the models commonly used in the automotive industry reveal the huge gain in knock boundary prediction accuracy achieved with the approach proposed in this work. Thus, the new knock model contributes substantially to the efficient design of spark ignition engines employing technologies such as full-load exhaust gas recirculation, water injection, variable compression ratio or lean combustion. About the Author Alexander Fandakov holds a PhD in automotive powertrain engineering from the Institute of Internal Combustion Engines and Automotive Engineering (IVK) at the University of Stuttgart, Germany. Currently, he is working as an advanced powertrain development engineer in the automotive industry.
The book includes the papers presented at the conference discussing approaches to prevent or reliably control knocking and other irregular combustion events. The majority of today’s highly efficient gasoline engines utilize downsizing. High mean pressures produce increased knocking, which frequently results in a reduction in the compression ratio at high specific powers. Beyond this, the phenomenon of pre-ignition has been linked to the rise in specific power in gasoline engines for many years. Charge-diluted concepts with high compression cause extreme knocking, potentially leading to catastrophic failure. The introduction of RDE legislation this year will further grow the requirements for combustion process development, as residual gas scavenging and enrichment to improve the knock limit will be legally restricted despite no relaxation of the need to reach the main center of heat release as early as possible. New solutions in thermodynamics and control engineering are urgently needed to further increase the efficiency of gasoline engines.
Bijna 4000 referenties zijn in deze bibliografie verzameld. De selectie werd beperkt door uitsluitend referenties te verzamelen die betrekking hebben op methyl of ethyl en bovendien afkomstig zijn van biomassa bronnen. De referenties zijn gerangschikt in hoofdstukken zoals veevoeder, produktiemethoden, bijprodukten, brandstof voor voertuigen (uitgezonderd vliegtuigen en raketten) en economische, milieu- en politieke aspecten. Uitgesloten werden patenten en niet meer beschikbare rapporten. Ook beperkt deze bibliografie zich tot in het Engels geschreven documenten. Ondanks de beperkingen is het een indrukwekkende hoeveelheid literatuur over alcoholic fuels voor alcoholic fools. Men realizere zich echter dat het niet bestemd is voor alcoholic fools die experimenteren met het gebruik van alcoholic fuels voor hun eigen energievoorziening
Digital Calculations of Engine Cycles is a collection of seven papers which were presented before technical meetings of the Society of Automotive Engineers during 1962 and 1963. The papers cover the spectrum of the subject of engine cycle events, ranging from an examination of composition and properties of the working fluid to simulation of the pressure-time events in the combustion chamber. The volume has been organized to present the material in a logical sequence. The first two chapters are concerned with the equilibrium states of the working fluid. These include the concentrations of various species of any significance that may appear at equilibrium in the combustion products, as well as the pressures and temperatures to be expected. This is followed by separate chapters on Mollier diagrams of the combustion products and the Otto cycle. The last two chapters focus on the synthesis of the spark ignition engine cycle from basic information on thermodynamics, heat transfer, and combustion. The results of the synthesis of these cycles are then compared to the actual cycle produced by an engine.
This workshop concentrated on the technologies to improve the design, performance, manufacturing, and economics of the critical components for the next generation of electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles for the year 2000 and beyond. Over 100 illustrations.
Design of Thermal Energy Systems Pradip Majumdar, Northern Illinois University, USA A comprehensive introduction to the design and analysis of thermal energy systems Design of Thermal Energy Systems covers the fundamentals and applications in thermal energy systems and components, including conventional power generation and cooling systems, renewable energy systems, heat recovery systems, heat sinks and thermal management. Practical examples are used throughout and are drawn from solar energy systems, fuel cell and battery thermal management, electrical and electronics cooling, engine exhaust heat and emissions, and manufacturing processes. Recent research topics such as steady and unsteady state simulation and optimization methods are also included. Key features: Provides a comprehensive introduction to the design and analysis of thermal energy systems, covering fundamentals and applications. Includes a wide range of industrial application problems and worked out example problems. Applies thermal analysis techniques to generate design specification and ratings. Demonstrates how to design thermal systems and components to meet engineering specifications. Considers alternative options and allows for the estimation of cost and feasibility of thermal systems. Accompanied by a website including software for design and analysis, a solutions manual, and presentation files with PowerPoint slides. The book is essential reading for: practicing engineers in energy and power industries; consulting engineers in mechanical, electrical and chemical engineering; and senior undergraduate and graduate engineering students.