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This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 34th Annual German Conference on Artificial Intelligence, KI 2011, held in Berlin, Germany, in October 2011. The 32 revised full papers presented together with 3 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 81 submissions. The papers are divided in topical sections on computational learning and datamining, knowledge representation and reasonings, augmented reality, swarm intelligence; and planning and scheduling.
This global encyclopedic work serves as a comprehensive collection of global scholarship regarding the vast fields of public administration, public policy, governance, and management. Written and edited by leading international scholars and practitioners, this exhaustive resource covers all areas of the above fields and their numerous subfields of study. In keeping with the multidisciplinary spirit of these fields and subfields, the entries make use of various theoretical, empirical, analytical, practical, and methodological bases of knowledge. Expanded and updated, the second edition includes over a thousand of new entries representing the most current research in public administration, public policy, governance, nonprofit and nongovernmental organizations, and management covering such important sub-areas as: 1. organization theory, behavior, change and development; 2. administrative theory and practice; 3. Bureaucracy; 4. public budgeting and financial management; 5. public economy and public management 6. public personnel administration and labor-management relations; 7. crisis and emergency management; 8. institutional theory and public administration; 9. law and regulations; 10. ethics and accountability; 11. public governance and private governance; 12. Nonprofit management and nongovernmental organizations; 13. Social, health, and environmental policy areas; 14. pandemic and crisis management; 15. administrative and governance reforms; 16. comparative public administration and governance; 17. globalization and international issues; 18. performance management; 19. geographical areas of the world with country-focused entries like Japan, China, Latin America, Europe, Asia, Africa, the Middle East, Russia and Eastern Europe, North America; and 20. a lot more. Relevant to professionals, experts, scholars, general readers, researchers, policy makers and manger, and students worldwide, this work will serve as the most viable global reference source for those looking for an introduction and advance knowledge to the field.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Artificial General Intelligence, AGI 2013, held in Beijing, China, in July/August 2013. The 23 papers (17 full papers, 3 technical communications, and 3 special session papers) were carefully reviewed and selected from various submissions. The volume collects the current research endeavors devoted to develop formalisms, algorithms, and models, as well as systems that are targeted at general intelligence. Similar to the predecessor AGI conferences, researchers proposed different methodologies and techniques in order to bridge the gap between forms of specialized intelligence and general intelligence.
Since World War II, a growing number of jurisdictions in both the developing and industrialized worlds have adopted progressive constitutions that guarantee social and economic rights (SER) in addition to political and civil rights. Parallel developments have occurred at transnational level with the adoption of treaties that commit signatory states to respect and fulfil SER for their peoples. This book is a product of the International Social and Economic Rights Project (iSERP), a global consortium of judges, lawyers, human rights advocates, and legal academics who critically examine the effectiveness of SER law in promoting real change in people’s lives. The book addresses a range of practical, political, and legal questions under these headings, with acute sensitivity to the racial, cultural, and gender implications of SER and the path-breaking SER jurisprudence now emerging in the "Global South". The book brings together internationally renowned experts in the field of social and economic rights to discuss a range of rights controversies from both theoretical and practical perspectives. Contributors of the book consider specific issues in the litigation and adjudication of SER cases from the differing standpoints of activists, lawyers, and adjudicators in order to identify and address the specific challenges facing the SER community. This book will be of great use and interest to students and scholars of comparative constitutional law, human rights, public international law, development studies, and democratic political theory.
Diversity arising from the mixing of peoples from different cultural backgrounds has long been an issue in nations such as the United States and Australia, and in recent decades, European nations have reached unprecedented levels of cultural diversity due to increased migration. This phenomenon of increasing cultural diversity at the national level sets the context for current social science research on the consequences of diversity for social integration, institutional functioning, and interpersonal relationships. This book reviews theory and research in social and organizational psychology on the management of diversity in work organizations. The book shows how diversity management takes place across multiple levels: at a national level, at an organizational level, between work groups and teams, in interpersonal relations, and at the level of individual experiences. Each chapter summarizes relevant empirical research, and considers how the dynamics of workgroup relations are likely to be affected by cultural differences among group members. The contributors also describe the variables which organizational leadership should be sensitive to in designing and implementing policies and practices for inclusive organizations. Towards Inclusive Organizations will be essential reading for researchers and advanced students in social and organizational psychology.
The two-volume set LNCS 11136 and 11137 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 17th International Semantic Web Conference, ISWC 2018, held in Monterey, USA, in October 2018. The ISWC conference is the premier international forum for the Semantic Web / Linked Data Community. The total of 62 full papers included in this volume was selected from 250 submissions. The conference is organized in three tracks: for the Research Track 39 full papers were selected from 164 submissions. The Resource Track contains 17 full papers, selected from 55 submissions; and the In-Use track features 6 full papers which were selected from 31 submissions to this track.Paper 'The SPAR Ontologies' is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
A scholarly collection of timely essays on the behavioral science of peace With contributions from experts representing a wide variety of scholarly fields (behavioral and social sciences, philosophy, environmental science, anthropology and economics), Peace Ethology offers original essays on the most recent research and findings on the topic of the behavioral science of peace. This much-needed volume includes writings that examine four main areas of study: the proximate causation of peace, the developmental aspects of peace, the function and systems of peace and the evolution of peace. The popular belief persists that, by nature, humans are not pre-disposed to peace. However, archeological and paleontological evidence reveals that the vast majority of our time as a species has been spent in small hunter-gatherer bands that are basically peaceful and egalitarian in nature. The text also reveals that most of the earth’s people are living in more peaceful societies than in centuries past. This hopeful compendium of essays: Contains writings from noted experts from a variety of academic studies Offers a social-psychological perspective on the causation of peaceful behavior Includes information on children’s peacekeeping and peacemaking Presents ideas for overcoming social tension between police and civilians Provides the most recent thinking on the behavioral science of peace Written for students and academics of the behavioral and social sciences, Peace Ethology offers scholarly essays on the development, nature, and current state of peace.
Agency has two meanings in psychology and neuroscience. It can refer to one's capacity to affect the world and act in line with one's goals and desires--this is the objective aspect of agency. But agency can also refer to the subjective experience of controlling one's actions, or how it feels to achieve one's goals or affect the world. This subjective aspect is known as the sense of agency, and it is an important part of what makes us human. Interest in the sense of agency has exploded since the early 2000s, largely because scientists have learned that it can be studied objectively through analyses of human judgment, behavior, and the brain. This book brings together some of the world's leading researchers to give structure to this nascent but rapidly growing field. The contributors address questions such as: What role does agency play in the sense of self? Is agency based on predicting outcomes of actions? And what are the links between agency and motivation? Recent work on the sense of agency has been markedly interdisciplinary. The chapters collected here combine ideas and methods from fields as diverse as engineering, psychology, neurology, neuroscience, and philosophy of mind, making the book a valuable resource for any student or researcher interested in action, volition, and exploring how mind and brain are organized.
Throughout the history of humanity, religion has played an important role as one of the most powerful forces of life, death, health and disease. In psychology, interest in the study of religion dates back around one and a half centuries. This interest has been driven, in large part, by the findings of a positive relationship between religiosity and physical and mental health, subjective well-being, happiness and longevity. Furthermore, religiosity is now a subject in many disciplines such as medicine, psychiatry, sociology, anthropology, education, epidemiology, gerontology, social work, and psychotherapy. This book brings together in one volume the scattered studies of religiosity and subjective well-being carried out in different Arab, mainly Muslim, countries. The vast majority of these articles are empirical research papers, and are classified into six sections: namely, Islam and Mental Health; Psychometric Measures; Religiosity, Health and Happiness; Religiosity, Quality of Life and Subjective Well-Being; Religiosity and Personality; and Religiosity, Subjective Well-Being and Psychopathology.
Bringing Religion and Spirituality into Therapy provides a comprehensive and timely model for spirituality-integrated therapy which is truly pluralist and responsive to the ever-evolving World of religion/spirituality. This book presents an algorithmic, process-based model for organizing the abundance of theoretical and practical literature around how psychology, religion and spirituality interact in counseling. Building on a tripartite framework, the book discusses the practical implications of the model and shows how it can be used in the context of assessment and case formulation, research, clinical competence, and education, and the broad framework ties together many strands of scholarship into religion and spirituality in counseling across a number of disciplines. Chapters address the concerns of groups such as the unaffiliated, non-theists, and those with multiple spiritual influences. This approachable book is aimed at mental health students, practitioners, and educators. In it, readers are challenged to develop richer ways of understanding, being, and intervening when religion and spirituality are brought into therapy.