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Black Morocco: A History of Slavery, Race, and Islam chronicles the experiences, identity and achievements of enslaved black people in Morocco from the sixteenth century to the beginning of the twentieth century. Chouki El Hamel argues that we cannot rely solely on Islamic ideology as the key to explain social relations and particularly the history of black slavery in the Muslim world, for this viewpoint yields an inaccurate historical record of the people, institutions and social practices of slavery in Northwest Africa. El Hamel focuses on black Moroccans' collective experience beginning with their enslavement to serve as the loyal army of the Sultan Isma'il. By the time the Sultan died in 1727, they had become a political force, making and unmaking rulers well into the nineteenth century. The emphasis on the political history of the black army is augmented by a close examination of the continuity of black Moroccan identity through the musical and cultural practices of the Gnawa.
A guide to the continually evolving field of labour economics.
Technology is constantly changing our world, leading to more efficient production. In the past, technological advancements dramatically increased wages, but during the last three decades, the median wage has remained stagnant. Many of today's machines have taken over the work of humans, destroying old jobs while increasing profits for business owners and raising the possibility of ever-widening economic inequality. Author James Bessen argues that avoiding this fate will require unique policies to develop the knowledge and skills necessary to implement the rapidly evolving technologies. At present this technical knowledge is mostly unstandardized and difficult to acquire, learned through job experience rather than in classrooms. Nor do current labor markets generally provide strong incentives for learning on the job. Basing his analysis on intensive research into economic history as well as today's labor markets, the author explores why the benefits of technology take years, sometimes decades, to emerge. Although the right policies can hasten this process, policy has moved in the wrong direction in recent decades, protecting politically influential interests to the detriment of emerging technologies and broadly shared prosperity.
Injuries and violence pose a major public health and development problem worldwide, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries, resulting in an estimated five million deaths each year, as well as many more who suffer non-fatal but disabling injuries. This publication seeks to help improve the lack of reliable and valid injury information, by providing guidance for the use of a robust but accessible methodology for collecting community injury data, with the aim of highlighting this serious public health problem.
This unique supplemental text offers a well-structured and thorough introduction to corporate social responsibility (CSR). Author Brent D. Beal introduces the basic concept of CSR, briefly discusses the challenges of defining it, and summarizes important conceptual models. CSR is examined in the context of the perfect competition market model, market failure, and social dilemmas. Three different types of CSR—systemic, strategic, and philanthropic—are highlighted. Finally, arguments both for and against CSR are outlined and several conceptual frames are proposed. Readers are encouraged to think about what businesses should be responsible for in society and how a society’s economic system should be structured, bounded, and ultimately, controlled. This text is appropriate for any business course in which the introduction of CSR would complement other course content.
Governments and nonprofits exist to create public value. Yet what does that mean in theory and practice? This new volume brings together key experts in the field to offer unique, wide-ranging answers. From the United States, Europe, and Australia, the contributors focus on the creation, meaning, measurement, and assessment of public value in a world where government, nonprofit organizations, business, and citizens all have roles in the public sphere. In so doing, they demonstrate the intimate link between ideas of public value and public values and the ways scholars theorize and measure them. They also add to ongoing debates over what public value might mean, the nature of the most important public values, and how we can practically apply these values. The collection concludes with an extensive research and practice agenda conceived to further the field and mainstream its ideas. Aimed at scholars, students, and stakeholders ranging from business and government to nonprofits and activist groups, Public Value and Public Administration is an essential blueprint for those interested in creating public value to advance the common good.
We are delighted to introduce the Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Progressive Education (ICOPE) 2020 hosted by the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Lampung, Indonesia, in the heart of the city Bandar Lampung on 16 and 17 October 2020. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we took a model of an online organised event via Zoom. The theme of the 2nd ICOPE 2020 was “Exploring the New Era of Education”, with various related topics including Science Education, Technology and Learning Innovation, Social and Humanities Education, Education Management, Early Childhood Education, Primary Education, Teacher Professional Development, Curriculum and Instructions, Assessment and Evaluation, and Environmental Education. This conference has invited academics, researchers, teachers, practitioners, and students worldwide to participate and exchange ideas, experiences, and research findings in the field of education to make a better, more efficient, and impactful teaching and learning. This conference was attended by 190 participants and 160 presenters. Four keynote papers were delivered at the conference; the first two papers were delivered by Prof Emeritus Stephen D. Krashen from the University of Southern California, the USA and Prof Dr Bujang Rahman, M.Si. from Universitas Lampung, Indonesia. The second two papers were presented by Prof Dr Habil Andrea Bencsik from the University of Pannonia, Hungary and Dr Hisham bin Dzakiria from Universiti Utara Malaysia, Malaysia. In addition, a total of 160 papers were also presented by registered presenters in the parallel sessions of the conference. The conference represents the efforts of many individuals. Coordination with the steering chairs was essential for the success of the conference. We sincerely appreciate their constant support and guidance. We would also like to express our gratitude to the organising committee members for putting much effort into ensuring the success of the day-to-day operation of the conference and the reviewers for their hard work in reviewing submissions. We also thank the four invited keynote speakers for sharing their insights. Finally, the conference would not be possible without the excellent papers contributed by authors. We thank all authors for their contributions and participation in the 2nd ICOPE 2020. We strongly believe that the 2nd ICOPE 2020 has provided a good forum for academics, researchers, teachers, practitioners, and students to address all aspects of education-related issues in the current educational situation. We feel honoured to serve the best recent scientific knowledge and development in education and hope that these proceedings will furnish scholars from all over the world with an excellent reference book. We also expect that the future ICOPE conference will be more successful and stimulating. Finally, it was with great pleasure that we had the opportunity to host such a conference.
The authors present an integrated marketing approach to contemporary advertising. This new edition has been substantially updated to take account of the changes in the advertising industry that have marked the advent of the 21st century.
An essential source of reference for this linguistic community, as well as for linguists working on typology and syntax.