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A New Working Class traces efforts by Black public-sector workers and their unions to fight for racial and economic justice in Baltimore. Federal policy shifts imperiled their efforts. Officials justified weakening the welfare state and strengthening the carceral state by criminalizing Black residents—including government workers.
Enacted nearly fifty years ago, the Civil Rights Act codified a new vision for American society by formally ending segregation and banning race and gender discrimination in the workplace. But how much change did the legislation actually produce? As employers responded to the law, did new and more subtle forms of inequality emerge in the workplace? In an insightful analysis that combines history with a rigorous empirical analysis of newly available data, Documenting Desegregation offers the most comprehensive account to date of what has happened to equal opportunity in America—and what needs to be done in order to achieve a truly integrated workforce. Weaving strands of history, cognitive psychology, and demography, Documenting Desgregation provides a compelling exploration of the ways legislation can affect employer behavior and produce change. Authors Kevin Stainback and Donald Tomaskovic-Devey use a remarkable historical record—data from more than six million workplaces collected by the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) since 1966—to present a sobering portrait of race and gender in the American workplace. Progress has been decidedly uneven: black men, black women, and white women have prospered in firms that rely on educational credentials when hiring, though white women have advanced more quickly. And white men have hardly fallen behind—they now hold more managerial positions than they did in 1964. The authors argue that the Civil Rights Act's equal opportunity clauses have been most effective when accompanied by social movements demanding changes. EEOC data show that African American men made rapid gains in the 1960s at the height of the Civil Rights movement. Similarly, white women gained access to more professional and managerial jobs in the 1970s as regulators and policymakers began to enact and enforce gender discrimination laws. By the 1980s, however, racial desegregation had stalled, reflecting the dimmed status of the Civil Rights agenda. Racial and gender employment segregation remain high today, and, alarmingly, many firms, particularly in high-wage industries, seem to be moving in the wrong direction and have shown signs of resegregating since the 1980s. To counter this worrying trend, the authors propose new methods to increase diversity by changing industry norms, holding human resources managers to account, and exerting renewed government pressure on large corporations to make equal employment opportunity a national priority. At a time of high unemployment and rising inequality, Documenting Desegregation provides an incisive re-examination of America's tortured pursuit of equal employment opportunity. This important new book will be an indispensable guide for those seeking to understand where America stands in fulfilling its promise of a workplace free from discrimination.
A history professor describes the impact and history of the opening speech made during the March on Washington by the trade unionist Philip Randolph, whose vision and fight for equal economic and social citizenship began in 1941.
Throughout this impressive and controversial account of the fight against job discrimination in the United States, Paul Burstein poses searching questions. Why did Congress adopt EEO legislation in the sixties and seventies? Has that legislation made a difference to the people it was intended to help? And what can the struggle for equal employment opportunity tell us about democracy in the United States? "This is an important, well-researched book. . . . Burstein has had the courage to break through narrow specializations within sociology . . . and even to address the types of acceptable questions usually associated with three different disciplines (political science, sociology, and economics). . . . This book should be read by all professionals interested in political sociology and social movements."—Donald Tomaskovic-Devey, Social Forces "Discrimination, Jobs and Politics [is] satisfying because it tells a more complete story . . . than does most sociological research. . . . I find myself returning to it when I'm studying the U.S. women's movement and recommending it to students struggling to do coherent research."—Rachel Rosenfeld, Contemporary Sociology
For plaintiff and defense counsel, Civil Rights in the Workplace provides complete analysis of punitive damages, compensatory damages, jury trials, and changes in providing disparate treatment and disparate impact cases. It shows you how the 1991 Act has changed the way lawyers and their clients approach employment discrimination under Title VII, the Age Discrimination and Employment Act, the Reconstruction Era Civil Rights Act, and the ADA. You get the full text -- with insightful analysis -- of the controversial Supreme Court rulings that led to the creation of the 1991 Act. Civil Rights in the Workplace provides coverage of legislative and other developments and new case law, including: Explanation of EEOC regulations applying 2008 amendments to ADA New Supreme Court case on and“catand’s pawand” theory New Supreme Court case extending Title VII retaliation claims to case in which adverse action was taken against fiancandé New Supreme Court case on when maintenance of a policy with disparate impact falls within a statute of limitations New Supreme Court case allowing retaliation claims based on oral complaints New state case holding that arbitration agreement did not divest state agency of investigative power New case finding arbitration agreement to be unconscionable New case law on relationship between ADA and FMLA New case law on statistical comparisons in disparate impact cases New court of appeals decisions allowing harassment and retaliation actions on behalf of gay employees Analysis of case finding and“Donand’t Ask, Donand’t Telland” policy to be unconstitutional and of subsequent repeal New case on sovereign immunity for state instrumentalities New court of appeals case agreeing that a Title VII was precluded by earlier Section 1983 action New case grappling with choice of law questions in international context