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U.S.-Japan Technology Linkages in Biotechnology provides an assessment of the extent and nature of the rapidly expanding linkages between the United States and Japan in biotechnology. Through analysis of aggregate data and case studies, the book assesses the implications of these linkages for the competitiveness of the U.S. biotechnology industry and provides concrete suggestions on what can be done to ensure that the linkages bring benefits to the United States.
This comparative study looks at the early development of biotechnology in the US and Japan. Drawing on primary and secondary sources it traces the historical roots of recombinant DNA technology, discusses the tensions between regulation and promotional policies and identifies the major actors and strategies that launched biotechnology in both countries. Developing several strands of theory in economic history, science and technology policy, the book proposes a simple model that relates the differences in the two countries' responses to variations in the availability of institutional, financial and organizational resources needed to commercialize the new technology.
Biotechnology in Japan is a complete guide to economic, scientific and regulatory aspects of Japanese research centres and companies. Profiles for more than 400 private Japanese companies and almost 200 universities and research institutes are given in great detail. Ministries providing research guidelines and ongoing research projects are analysed. The book is the first comprehensive source in the English language and is of particular interest to consultants, managers and researchers seeking cooperation with Japanese partners.
I am very pleased to comply with the request to provide a foreword to this three-language "Dictionary of Biotechnology". This reference book, which will be of great value to researchers, is the result of German-l apanese cooperation in the life sci ences, supported by the Ministry for Research and Technology (Bundesministerium fur Forschung und Technologie) of the Federal Republic of Germany. This cooperation has led to a series of contacts between scientists and scientific institutions in the two countries that have enriched and strengthened our tradi tionally strong ties. A means of communication is a prerequisite for the exchange of scientific information, the discussion of research strategies, and the organization of scientific meetings. In science, English has become the most important language and now forms the basis of communication. Yet, in order to have a better understanding of specialized scientific texts, often available only in Japanese or German, it is important to have a glossary of biotechnological terminology in several languages. I wish this dictionary of biotechnology a successful start and wide application, both from the scientific and international points of view.