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Franz Jèagerstèatter, an Austrian farmer, devoted husband and father, and devout Catholic, was executed in 1943 for refusing to serve in the Nazi army. Before taking this stand Jèagerstèatter had consulted both his pastor and his local bishop, who instructed him to do his duty and to obey the law - an instruction that violated his conscience. For many years Jèagerstèatter's solitary witness was honored by the Catholic peace movement, while viewed with discomfort by many of his fellow Austrians. Now, with his beatification in 2007, his example has been embraced by the universal church.
Since the early centuries, Christians have held up the saints as models of living the Gospel of Jesus Christ. While the church officially recognizes a relatively small number of saints, the actual roster is infinitely wider. Blessed Among Us explores this eclectic “cloud of witnesses”—lay and religious, single and married, canonized and not, and even non-Christians whose faith and wisdom may illuminate our path. Brought to life in the evocative storytelling of Robert Ellsberg, they inspire the moral imagination and give witness to the myriad ways of holiness. In two stories per day for a full calendar year, Ellsberg sketches figures from biblical times to the present age and from all corners of this world—ordinary figures whose extraordinary lives point to the new age in the world to come. Blessed Among Us is drawn from Ellsberg’s acclaimed column of the same name in Give Us This Day, a monthly resource for daily prayer published by Liturgical Press.
"The history of National Socialism in Austria has not been widely examined. It was not until 1981 that an English language history was available on the "forgotten Nazis" in Austria, yet the country was well known to have been a breeding ground of Nazism. Editor F. Parkinson assembled a group of historians and political scientists to undertake a scholarly inquiry into all ramifications of Nazism in Austria before and after the Anschluss. They investigated the activities and attitudes of those in power as well as those in all other segments of the population, whether in Vienna or in the provinces, whether organized in political parties or professing certain creeds. Contributors outline Austria's political decline during the last half of the nineteenth century, Austrian inability to restore the monarchist system during the first republic, the slide of conservatives and socialists to National Socialism, reactions to National Socialism between 1938 and 1945, and the reconstruction of republicanism since 1945, with its emphasis on political conservatism. Solicited to mark the anniversary of the Anschluss, the essays in this volume will be of interest to specialists in Austrian history, students of the Holocaust and Nazi period, and historians of modern Central and Eastern Europe." (Amazon).
Catholic pacifists blame the just war tradition of their Church. That tradition, they say, can be invoked to justify any war, and so it must be jettisoned. This book argues that the problem is not the just war tradition but the unjust war tradition. Ambitious rulers start wars that cannot be justified, and yet warriors continue to fight them. The problem is the belief that warriors do not hold any responsibility for judging the justice of the wars they are ordered to fight. However unjust, a command renders any war "just" for the obedient warrior. This book argues that selective conscientious objection, the right and duty to refuse to fight unjust wars, is the solution. Strengthening the just war tradition depends on a heightened role for the personal conscience of the warrior. That in turn depends on a heightened role for the Church in forming and supporting consciences and judging the justice of particular wars. As Saint Augustine wrote, "The wise man will wage just wars. . . . For, unless the wars were just, he would not have to wage them, and in such circumstances he would not be involved in war at all."
The word ‘rationality’ and its cognates, like ‘reason’, have multiple contexts and connotations. Rational calculation can be contrasted with rational interpretation. There is the rationality of proof and of persuasion, of tradition and of the criticism of tradition. Rationalism (and rationalists) can be reasonable or unreasonable. Reason is sometimes distinguished from revelation, superstition, convention, prejudice, emotion, and chance, but all of these also involve reasoning. In politics, three views of rationality – economic, moral, and historical – have been especially important, often defining approaches to politics and political theory such as utilitarianism and rational choice theory. These approaches privilege positive or natural law, responsibilities, or human rights, and emphasize the importance of culture and tradition, and therefore meaning and context. This book explores the understanding of rationality in politics and the relations between different approaches to rationality. Among the topics considered are the limits of rationality, the role of imagination and emotion in politics, the meaning of political realism, the nature of political judgment, and the relationship between theory and practice. This book was originally published as a special issue of Global Discourse.
The cross is the heart of Scripture, the axis upon which the biblical story turns. In our ongoing quest to make meaning of the cross, Brian Zahnd helps us see that there are infinite ways to behold the cross of Christ as the beautiful form that saves the world. Accept the invitation to encounter the cross of Christ anew.
Introduction -- The conscience problem and Catholic doctrine -- Political origins : totalitarianism, world war, and mass conscription -- The State's paperwork and the Catholic Peace Fellowship -- Sex, conscience and the American Catholic Church 1968 -- Psychology and the self -- The conscience lobby -- Beyond the Catholic Church.