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The OECD countries have widely differing traditions regarding basic vocational training. This report describes the internal logic and workings of some of these different systems.
The OECD countries have widely differing traditions regarding basic vocational training. This report describes the internal logic and workings of some of these different systems.
In response to concerns that the educational system - from public schools through colleges, universities, and apprenticeship programs - cannot adequately prepare students for work in the new economy, Integrating School and Workplace Learning in Canada proposes alternation - a hybrid form of learning that, by combining experiential and cognitive learning skills, allows individuals to develop the relevant skills and intellectual capabilities to address and solve complex problems encountered in the workplace. Alternation involves not only a curricular balance between the theoretical and the practical but also two distinct venues for learning - the classroom and the workplace. The authors discuss cognitive and social learning, its implementation in a variety of settings, its role in smoothing the school/work transition process, and its potential to contribute to the knowledge and skills needed by the workforce. They bring a wide range of disciplinary perspectives to bear in their analyses of the principles and practices of alternation, providing historical, theoretical, and practical insights. Their analysis contributes to and extends the current debate and discussion surrounding necessary changes in our education and training practices.
The national and European-level studies of the factors that ensure the success of young people's vocational integration and that offer protection against unemployment were reviewed. The research established that, in most national statistical reports, information on the occupational progress of school-leavers and those emerging from initial training was sparse. It was concluded that, although national statistics and surveys could be used to supplement and explain some of the findings of European surveys, any attempts to use national statistics gathered in the various European countries for purposes of comparison should proceed with caution. Networks currently working in the field of transition at the European level were encouraged to publish their data so as to optimize the use of research work. It was further recommended that the process of conducting comparative studies of the factors ensuring successful transition from the educational system into the labor market begin with prioritization of the large number of themes currently being tackled in national publications. (The report contains 149 references. Appended is a discussion of young people's entry into the labor market that is based on indicators published in selected recent national publications from 16 European countries.) (MN)