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Excerpt from Italy in North Africa, an Account of the Tripoli Enterprise This book is an attempt to give a reasonably full and fair account of the Tripoli enterprise. I have thought it unnecessary to burden the narrative of events with the details of my own experiences: the public must be weary of the stressed personal note. It seems enough to say that I arrived in Tripoli on November 19, 1911, and left on April 1, 1912; that during the nineteen weeks of my stay I was given all possible liberty of movement and investigation within the area occupied by the Italians, and that I availed myself fully of the freedom permitted. In describing those operations which took place outside the radius and period of my own experience I have relied, in the first place, upon the private official reports of the Italian military authorities, and, in the second place, upon the accounts of numerous eyewitnesses and participants, given to me in writing or in conversation. That all errors in detail have been avoided is unlikely; but I believe that in every case the general picture is substantially correct. The three large maps are reproduced from maps compiled by the military authorities in Tripolitania during the war, and my thanks are due to General Spingardi, the Italian Minister of War, and to General Caneva, late Governor and Commander-in-Chief in Tripolitania, for their kindness in supplying me with copies of these maps and allowing me to make use of them. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
In this book, McClure provides a detailed history of Italy's colonial enterprise in North Africa, particularly in the region of Tripoli. He covers the political, economic, and military aspects of Italian expansion in the region, as well as the impact of colonialism on the native population. This book is an important resource for anyone interested in the history of colonialism in Africa. This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
An innovative study which explores how the presence of Muslim communities transformed Europe and stimulated Christian society to define itself.
Free Libya! was the chant heard throughout Libya during the Arab Spring revolution that ended with the death of Colonel Gadaffi in October 2011. The story is about British involvement in Libya since the first treaty signed with the rulers in Tripoli in January 1692. The book is divided into four eras. The first covers the period up to the Italian invasion in 1911; the second covers the First World War and Italian pacification; the third covers the Western Desert Campaign; and the final part brings the reader up to date with recent events. In the words of the Foreign Secretary, Edward Grey, the 1911 Italian invasion of Libya “led straight to the catastrophe of 1914”. Using memoirs of politicians and correspondents from both sides of the conflict, the author pieces together British involvement, shedding new light on the Senussi Campaign and the Duke of Westminster’s rescue of 100 British PoWs at Bir Hakkeim, as well as the story of Colonel Milo Talbot, who did as much as TE Lawrence to establish British influence with Arab leadership, but was never rewarded for his work. Even though hundreds of books have been written about the Western Desert Campaign, this book includes much unpublished material in addressing the contentious issues and explains why General Brian Horrocks wrote: “Command in the desert was regarded as an almost certain prelude to a bowler hat”. The final part of the book begins with Britain’s operations to establish Libya as an independent kingdom and the rise of nationalism that led to Gadaffi’s coup in 1969. The story of the tense relationship with the Brotherly Leader during the “Line of Death” era and subsequent rapprochement precedes an authoritative account of the 2011 revolution. The final chapter, brings the reader up to date with the current conflict as well as the migration crisis and the Manchester Arena bombers.