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Prior research documents capital market benefits of increased investor attention to accounting disclosures and media coverage, however little is known about how investors and markets respond to attention-grabbing events that reveal little nonpublic information. We use daily firm advertising data to test how advertisements, which are designed to attract consumers' attention, influence investors' attention and financial markets (i.e., spillover effects). Exploiting the fact that firms often advertise at weekly intervals, we use an instrumental variables approach to provide evidence that print ads, especially in business publications, trigger temporary spikes in investor attention. We further find that trading volume and quoted dollar depths increase on days with ads in a business publication. We contribute to research on how management choices influence firms' information environments, determinants and consequences of investor attention, and consequences of advertising for financial markets.
Using daily advertising data, we analyze the short-term effects of advertising on investor attention and on financial market outcomes. Based on various investor attention proxies, we show that advertising positively affects attention. However, it has only little impact on turnover and liquidity. Most importantly, short-term stock returns are not significantly influenced by advertising. Further results suggest that previous findings of an economically significant positive relation between advertising and returns are due to reverse causality. Thus, the belief that stock prices can be temporarily inflated via advertising is misguided.
This book presents frontier research on the use of computational methods to model complex interactions in economics and finance. Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and simulations offer effective means of analyzing and learning from large as well as new types of data. These computational tools have permeated various subfields of economics, finance, and also across different schools of economic thought. Through 16 chapters written by pioneers in economics, finance, computer science, psychology, complexity and statistics/econometrics, the book introduces their original research and presents the findings they have yielded. Theoretical and empirical studies featured in this book draw on a variety of approaches such as agent-based modeling, numerical simulations, computable economics, as well as employing tools from artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms. The use of computational approaches to perform counterfactual thought experiments are also introduced, which help transcend the limits posed by traditional mathematical and statistical tools. The book also includes discussions on methodology, epistemology, history and issues concerning prediction, validation, and inference, all of which have become pertinent with the increasing use of computational approaches in economic analysis.
This accessible Handbook provides an essential entry point for those with an interest in the increasingly complex subject of financial decision making. It sheds light on new paradigms in society and the ways that new tools from private actors have affected financial decision making. Covering a broad range of key topics in the area, leading researchers summarize the state-of-the-art in their respective areas of expertise, delineating their projections for the future.
“This book clearly explains why Investor Relations is now a highly regarded career choice and demonstrates its value to companies and the investment community.”—Helen Parris, Director of Investor Relations, G4S plc “This book is an essential read for Investor Relations profes-sionals, business managers, and anyone interested in corporate relations.”—William Sun, Deputy Director of the Centre for Governance, Leadership and Global Responsibility, Leeds Business School The expectations on UK listed companies continue to grow with the expansion of the regulatory framework and an increase in public scrutiny. The investment community continues to demand access to management, regular and meaningful communication, and an understanding of a firm’s position relative to its competitors. It falls increas-ingly to the Investor Relations (IR) function to help compa-nies and their management meet the rigorous demands of the equity markets and an evolving set of tools, technolo-gies, legal and governance frameworks. Digital channels present great but underutilised poten-tial to contribute to ever more effective IR. Online platforms offer fast, comprehensive, economical, exible and regula-tion-compliant methods of disclosing corporate informa-tion to investors, analysts and other relevant parties in the investment evaluation and decision making process.
In this thesis, I investigate the role of investor attention in financial markets by examining the media's coverage of corporate earnings news. The first paper studies the potential impact of information in the financial press by identifying systematic differences between aggregate corporate earnings news coverage in the Financial Times, Wall Street Journal, and the New York Times, and measures of expected coverage based on contemporaneous earnings information flows as reported in JJBIEIS. I find that publication-specific estimates of "excess" aggregate positive or negative coverage exhibit strong serial correlation, consistent with media bias. Furthermore, unexplained negative (positive) weekly coverage predicts positive (negative) returns for small-stock indices and the equal-weighted NYSE, suggesting that the effects of predictability in financial news coverage are economically significant and may be related to informational inefficiency with respect to smaller firms. The second paper examines media coverage decisions to identify the determinants of investor attention with respect to events and firms. Using ex ante predicted probability of media coverage (PMC) with respect to earnings news as a measure of attention in this context, I study the returns experienced by low-attention stocks from 1984 and 2005. As in prior studies, I find high risk-adjusted returns for "neglected" stocks, which appears to be highly consistent with, e.g., Merton' s (1987) investor recognition hypothesis, or an information risk setting (Easley et al. (2002)). However, in examining the event-specific determinants of media coverage, I find evidence of a significant "negativity bias" in attention: holding other factors constant, bad news is more likely to attract coverage than is good news regarding an otherwise-identical firm. Given recent evidence in the literature regarding stock-price underreaction to low-attention events, this suggests asymmetric investor attention as a potential expl.
Focusing on market microstructure, Harris (chief economist, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission) introduces the practices and regulations governing stock trading markets. Writing to be understandable to the lay reader, he examines the structure of trading, puts forward an economic theory of trading, discusses speculative trading strategies, explores liquidity and volatility, and considers the evaluation of trader performance. Annotation (c)2003 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com).
Equips students and professionals with the fundamental skills and knowledge needed to succeed in investor relations and financial communication Investor Relations and Financial Communication is a comprehensive, up-to-date introduction to the investor relations and financial communication profession. Written by a leading educator and professional consultant, this authoritative textbook provides the well-rounded foundation necessary for anyone wanting to begin a career as an Investor Relations Officer (IRO). Detailed yet accessible chapters describe all essential aspects of the field, including communication skills, basic financial knowledge, legal and regulatory guidelines, professional standards and practices, and more. Organized in five sections, the book first identifies and defines the jobs available in investor relations and financial communication, detailing the responsibilities, titles, salaries, and key players in the industry. After thoroughly explaining the disclosure of financial and non-financial information, the author describes the regulatory environment in which professionals operate and offers expert insight into issues of corporate governance, environmental sustainability, social responsibility, shareholder activism, and crisis management. Subsequent sections highlight the day-to-day activities of investor relations and financial communication professionals and discuss the future of the field. This invaluable textbook also: Describes the responsibilities of the Investor Relations Officer throughout initial public offering, periodic reporting, and performance evaluation Discusses the role of investor relations professionals in disclosing financial information and educating the investment community Emphasizes the various skills that IROs must possess in order to do their jobs successfully, such as marketing and securities law compliance Includes end-of-chapter review questions, activities, and lists of key terms Investor Relations and Financial Communication: Creating Value Through Trust and Understanding is the perfect textbook for both professional development training programs and undergraduate and graduate courses in investor relations, and is required reading for all those working in investor relations, particularly early-career professionals.
Behavioral finance presented in this book is the second-generation of behavioral finance. The first generation, starting in the early 1980s, largely accepted standard finance’s notion of people’s wants as “rational” wants—restricted to the utilitarian benefits of high returns and low risk. That first generation commonly described people as “irrational”—succumbing to cognitive and emotional errors and misled on their way to their rational wants. The second generation describes people as normal. It begins by acknowledging the full range of people’s normal wants and their benefits—utilitarian, expressive, and emotional—distinguishes normal wants from errors, and offers guidance on using shortcuts and avoiding errors on the way to satisfying normal wants. People’s normal wants include financial security, nurturing children and families, gaining high social status, and staying true to values. People’s normal wants, even more than their cognitive and emotional shortcuts and errors, underlie answers to important questions of finance, including saving and spending, portfolio construction, asset pricing, and market efficiency.