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Annotation World Bank Technical Paper No. 292.Describes Mexico's experience in decentralizing the operation, maintenance, and management functions in irrigation infrastructure from the central government to water user organizations in the private sector.
Introduction; Mexican agricultural policy; Irrigated agriculture; Results of the transfer program; Future transfer issues; Conclusions.
There are four papers focusing on the special recent experience of South Africa, as it replaces former inequitable water laws with a new one tq reflect its major pOlitical reorientation, and at the same time takes this opportunity of change to bring in several other principles of modern thinking about water, with a focus on participation by stakeholders, on the river-basin as management unit, on financial principles such as "users pay" and "polluters pay;' and on the potential role of access to water in addressing social issues such as poverty and gender discrimination. Conflict / Social aspects / Gender / Water law / Institutional constraints / Financing / Investment / Water scarcity / Water users' associations / Privatization / User charges / Water allocation / Political aspects / Water use efficiency / Water policy / Developing countries / Agricultural development / Poverty / Watercourses / River basins / Water management
This book is addressed to scientists, researchers, development specialists and policy makers who deal with natural resources and agriculture in the developing countries. It aims to (1) provide evidence of the impact of natural resource management research (NRMR) in the CGIAR; (2) establish a methodological foundation for impact assessments of NRMR; and (3) draw up a set of lessons for future impact assessment studies. The book consists of three main parts. Part I (chapters 1-3) provides the definitional, historical, and theoretical background for NRMR impact assessment in the CGIAR. Part II (chapters 4-11) presents the methods and results of seven case studies on the impact of NRMR projects carried out in the CGIAR. Two summary chapters (12 and13) are presented in part III. The book has a subject index.
Watershed analysis provides a framework for ecosystem management, which is currently the best option for conservation and management of natural resources. The current methods of assessing hydrologic impacts of land use transformations at the watershed scale, particularly in the tropics, are impaired by technical, financial, and time constraints. This study provides an alternative approach to ascertain the acutual changes in hydrologic response of a particular watershed to land use transformations made in the past.
As globalization links economies, the value of a country's irrigation water becomes increasingly sensitive to competitive forces in world markets. Water policy at the national and regional levels will need to accommodate these forces or water is likely to become undervalued. The inefficient use of this resource will lessen a country's comparative advantage in world markets and slow its transition to higher incomes, particularly in rural households. While professionals widely agree on what constitutes sound water resource management, they have not yet reached a consensus on the best ways of implementing policies. Policymakers have considered pricing water - a debated intervention - in many variations. Setting the price 'right,' some say, may guide different types of users in efficient water use by sending a signal about the value of this resource. Aside from efficiency, itself an important policy objective, equity, accessibility, and implementation costs associated with the right pricing must be considered. Focusing on the examples of China, Mexico, Morocco, South Africa, and Turkey, Pricing Irrigation Water provides a clear methodology for studying farm-level demand for irrigation water. This book is the first to link the macroeconomics of policies affecting trade to the microeconomics of water demand for irrigation and, in the case of Morocco, to link these forces to the creation of a water user-rights market. This type of market reform, the contributors argue, will result in growing economic benefits to both rural and urban households.
This title examines how regulatory frameworks have addressed the various basic issues related to water resources management, and provides a comparative analysis of those issues. It elicits and discusses what it considers are the essential elements for a regulatory framework for water resources management, and identifies some emerging trends.
Introduction; Research questions; Research methodologies; Results; Conclusions.
Presents two alternative scenarios of water demand and supply for 118 countries over the 1990 to 2025 period and develops indicators of water scarcity for each country and for the world as a whole. This study is the first step in IWMI’s long-term research goal: to determine the extent and depth of water scarcity, its consequences for individual countries and what can be done about it.