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Muhammad Iqbal, 1877-1938, Urdu poet and philosopher.
Education is a process to change the behavior of an individual in the society and his surrounding, through teaching and guiding as the fundamental activity among other activities in the community. This definition stresses on the change of behavior from bad to good, from minimum to maximum from potential to actual and from passive to active. All the changes are through the teaching process, which does not end at the level of individual, but up to the level of society. In this sense, the educational process will enhance individual as well as social piety. Islamic education on the other hand, can be defined as all efforts to educate and develop individual self and his human resources for a perfect person. This definition is in accordance with the view of Islam on the real meaning of education, that is to actualize a person who has strong faith in Allah the Almighty and at the same time, he is able to keep in balance his pious relationship with his God and fellow being positively as well as constructively. Islamic education is an education which has fundamental principles like independent methods, learning based on self-reliance, freedom in teaching, self-study, special attention on children, encouraging the skill and potencies of the student, appreciation of the students' intelligence, teaching through suitable approaches, kind guidance, and softness. Islamic education focuses on the behavior education, giving special attention on the development of skill in oratory, reasoning and speech presentation, reading enrichment on the classical Islamic book and consistent in learning, research and teaching which all are based on long life education. Meanwhile, the aim of Islamic education is personality construction, educating the mind and heart, nourishing the potencies, inhabits good conduct and preparing the child to be sincere and clean in mind and heart based on the teaching of Islam. The whole activities and the subjects taught at the process of education should be tahdhibul akhlaq (etiquette construction). The author in this book tries to describe the foundation of integrated education based on the light of al-Qur'an and Prophetic Tradition. The elaboration of its nature also includes the basic principle, curriculum and method of this institution. In the end of narration, the book explains vividly the historical studies on its ideal model that developed significantly through the passage of times.
The Secrets of the Self is a book-length, philosophical poem rooted in metaphysical thought and ideology, as well as Islamic theology. Originally published in 1915, the poem speaks of the "Self" in relation to the universe, how it is the inner power and soul of each individual human. It instructs on how to improve the Self through Love and willpower, which can then help one control the forces within the universe. The poem includes stories that illustrate its points and promotes the spread of Islamic ideals. MUHAMMAD IQBAL (1877-1938) was a poet, prophet, and politician in British India. Born in Sialkot, Punjab, Iqbal converted to Islam with his family as a child. He studied literature and law at Cambridge, Munich, and Heidelberg before starting his own law practice and concentrating on his scholarly writing, which he authored primarily in Persian. Many of Iqbal's works promote Islamic revival, especially in South Asia, and he was a well-known leader of the All India Muslim League. Today, he is recognized as the official poet of Pakistan, and his birthday is celebrated as a national holiday.
Excellent bibliographical work about Allama Muhammad Iqbal in the Arabic scripts (Urdu, Persian, Arabic and so on) has been published by the Iqbal Academy, Lahore. Our publication covers only what appeared in the Roman script: English, German, French, Dutch, Italian, Polish, Czech, Portuguese, Swedish, Finnish, Turkish, and Russian. Many books have some kind of bibliographical list, and we have tried to include all that material in the present publication. With the generous support of the Ministry of Education, Government of Pakistan, the Iqbal Foundation Europe at the KULeuven, Belgium, has endeavoured to combine meticulous and patient work in libraries with the most modern search on internet. The result is an impressive tribute to Iqbal and to the research about him: 2500 entries, the latest entry dated 1998 (A. Schimmel). Even if many superfluous or repetitive articles may have been published, a researcher should look at even small contributions: they may contain valuable information and rare insights. The databank we compiled at the university of Leuven is composed of material taken from published works and from the on-line services of the major university libraries. From this it appeared that hundreds of scholars and authors have contributed to the immense databank about Iqbal. The highest number of contributions is by Annemarie Schimmel, S.A. Vahid and B.A. Dar, followed by A. Bausani, K.A. Waheed, A.J. Arberry and so many others.
…Formally speaking, the New Economy Policy had been replaced by the New Economic Order, which had been promulgated in the name of liberalism. Thus it may seem that the issues and concerns addressed by the book had been rendered irrelevant by the shift in policy. Against such proposition, I must say that my book addresses itself to the question of ideas, principles and weltanschaaung beyond mere policies and formality. It is therefore too early in the day to conclude that the new liberalism has definitively replaced the New Economic Policy (NEP) as an era and ethos, throwing into question the relevance of this book. It may well turn out to be that the issues and concerns of the book transcend superficial policy changes in a more fundamental way. -Shaharuddin Maaruf University of Malaya 15 April 2014 The sweep through the history of Malay political ideas which is to be encountered in Malay Ideas on Development from Feudal Lord to Capitalist – a sweep achieved with analytic skill and clarity – will stimulate new readers to seek more detailed examination of one targeted writer or another. Creating such desire is an indication of the book’s effectiveness. Juxtaposing one thinker with another, setting modern debate in the context of traditional political thought, proposing categories or streams of political thinking – ‘capitalistic nationalism’, ‘traditionalistic nationalism’ and so forth – is the best possible way of promoting a greater interest in the history of Malay political thinking, and not just as an academic enterprise. Shaharuddin Maaruf is one of a small handful of scholarly pioneers whose work has the capacity to enrich the quality of political debate in Malaysia. -Anthony Milner Basham Professor for Asian History, Australian National University
Development is the agenda and the priority of almost all nations. They try to provide their people with a better way of living and better life-chances. In this attempt, they concentrate on the economic and political systems of their societies and try to improve them to achieve the target. The general feeling is that if one increases national wealth, raises physical quality of life and gives freedom to the populace to govern themselves, one achieves prosperity. The past three centuries have shown that nations have made tremendous efforts to boost their economic productions and refine the governing systems. They initiated industrialization, increased capital formation and developed sophisticated technology to change the physical conditions of their societies. They further democratized their socio-economic and political institutions to create a conducive atmosphere for development. Some claimed that they had achieved the level of development, others were in the process and still others have failed to do so. The reality is that the so-called development has failed to provide peaceful, harmonious, contended and dignified life to humans. Still the majority of the people have no sufficient means to live with dignity and honour, they are living below poverty line, are exploited, suppressed and subjugated by those who are wealthy, affluent and enjoying power. Development as generally perceived, by and large, brings luck to small portion of the population who no doubt have all the amenities of life, live luxuriously and enjoy all the privileges of society but the rest of the population are deprived of basic requirements of life. The Human Development Report 1992 reported that the rich have grown richer and the poor have become poorer due to the outcome of universal development efforts.
Theory and Principles of Education discusses the latest trends and current educational thoughts. This thoroughly revised edition covers a wide range of issues and themes relating to the philosophical and sociological basis of education. All possible efforts have been made to include the latest trends on the theory and principles of education. Theory and Principles Of Education provides an exhaustive treatment of the subject in a very lucid and cogent manner, to enable all students to grasp the subject matter easily. The book is essentially student-centered and examination-oriented. It is primarily written for the students of B.Ed., M.Ed., M.Phil. and MA (Education). It will be equally useful in the Middle East and also the South-East Asian countries because of its authoritative coverage of the subject. By virtue of its extensive coverage and exposition of the subject, it will be very useful to students preparing for teacher training courses. It should also serve as a reliable handbook for in-service teachers. The only book of its kind on the subject that discusses the latest educational trends and covers a wide range of issues and themes relating to the philosophical and sociological basis of education.