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Assessment of the technical feasibility of treating water-in-oil emulsions from in-situ bitumen/heavy oil recovery operations using porous membranes. The treatment removes water from the oil to meet pipeline specifications for water in oil of 0.5%. This study evaluated the feasibility of the oil permeation process, in which oil is driven through the membrane by the applied pressure and the oleophilic nature of the membrane material while the water in the emulsion is retained and concentrated on the feed side of the membrane because of the size of the water droplets and the hydrophobic nature of the membrane material. The second process evaluated was a water permeation process which destabilized the water-in-oil emulsion by removal of the salts and surfactants which stabilize the emulsion. Water and caustic were added to the water-in-oil emulsion to produce an oil-in-water emulsion and then the water together with the extracted salts and surfactant is removed by porous membrane filtration.
Based on a Short Course sponsored by Canada's Petroleum Recovery Institute. The first book to focus on the occurrence of emulsions in the petroleum industry. Brings together contributions from a wide range of experts. Provides an up-to-date examination of the nature, occurrence, handling, formation, and breaking of petroleum emulsions. Topics covered include emulsion stability; characterization techniques; rheology of emulsions, and flow properties of emulsions in pipes and porous media, well-head productions, and industrial process streams. Using the fundamental concepts, and based on commercial and pilot-scale experiences, Also shows how to approach making desirable emulsions, transporting and handling them, and how to approach breaking undesirable emulsions.
Study to explore the feasibility of removing water from oil/water (O/W) and water/oil (W/O) emulsions by means of pervaporation. Initial study involved preparation of simulated O/W and W/O emulsions prepared by mixing water and kerosene of various concentrations and stabilized by adding sodium lauryl sulfate. Preliminary experiments were conducted on 12 membranes fabricated from 2 different materials. One membrane of each type of material was chosen for further work based on the results of the preliminary tests. All experiments were carried out under 2 different downstream pressures and various temperatures.
Nanotechnology for Oil-Water Separation: From Fundamentals to Industrial Applications explores how nanotechnologically engineered solutions (modified meshes, carbon nanotubes, functionalized fabrics, textile or hybrid elements for bio-membranes, nanofibrous materials, and many more) can be used to remediate current damage to the environment for a better tomorrow. Design and fabrication of low-cost, effective and environmentally friendly micro/nanomaterials exhibiting strong wettability properties and mechanical and chemical stability are examined, along with current research developments and possible future directions, making this book an essential read for researchers, advanced students, and industry professionals with an interest in nanotechnology and sustainable (bio)technologies. The increasing amounts of industrial substances released by petrochemical, steel or gas-generating plants and food-processing factories into water poses an ever more serious environmental threat. Due to the significant adverse impact on the natural ecosystem, aquatic organisms and human health, the scientific community has made its priority to find sustainable methods to separate oil-water mixtures. Provides an "all-in-one" reference on oil-water separation using cutting-edge, cost-effective, and environmentally-friendly nanotechnology-based solutions Sheds light on the proper disposal, management and treatment processes of petroleum wastewater Includes a discussion on new developments and findings, as well as challenges and concerns with an indication of where the field may move in coming years