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In Illinois, there were 217 wrong-way crashes on freeways from 2004 to 2009, resulting in 44 killed and 248 injured. This research project sought to determine the contributing factors to wrong-way crashes on freeways and to develop promising, cost-conscious countermeasures to reduce these driving errors and their related crashes. A thorough literature review was conducted to summarize the best practices on design, safety, and operational issues related to wrong-way driving on freeways by different states in the United States and abroad. Six-year crash data from the Illinois Department of Transportation were then collected for identifying wrong-way crashes.
The Florida Department of Transportation has studied wrong way crashes occurring on interestate freeways and expressways throughout the state of Florida. In the past five years (2009-2013), 280 crashes have occurred on Florida's freeways and expressways resulting in more than 400 injuries and 75 deaths. This study analyzed trends and contributing factors surrounding wrong way driving on freeways and expressways. It proposed systemic countermeasures to prevent or discourage wrong way occurrences, reducing wrong way crashes and driving down fatalities on Florida's freeways and expressways.
Driving the wrong way on freeways has been a nagging traffic safety problem since the interstate highway system was founded in the 1950s. Despite four decades of highway striping and sign improvements at freeway interchanges, the problem persists. This paper is to determine the contributing factors to wrong-way driving on freeways and to develop promising, cost-conscious countermeasures to reduce driving errors and related crashes. Based on the collected wrong-way crash data, the safety performance function (SPF) for wrong-way crashes on freeway was developed with the annual average daily traffic (AADT) and segment length being the independent variables. The procedures for candidate wrong-way crash sites diagnoses with crash data, historic site data, field condition and other information were described step by step. The methods for contributing factors identification were proposed and the Haddon matrix for wrong-way crashes on freeway was constructed finally. Methods for selecting wrong-way crash countermeasures from the perspective of "four E's" based on crash analysis finding, site-specific contributing factors and geographical characteristics were discussed, and research needs on wrong-way crash management in the future were recommended.
This special investigation report looks at one of the most serious types of highway accidents-collisions involving vehicles traveling the wrong way on high-speed divided highways. The goal of this investigative project is to identify relevant safety recommendations to prevent wrong-way collisions on such highways and access ramps. The investigations included in the report take a focused view of the driver and highway issues affecting wrong-way collisions. The report addresses the following safety issues concerning wrong-way driving: driver impairment, primarily from alcohol use, with consideration of older driver issues and possible drug involvement; the need to establish, through traffic control devices and highway design, distinctly different views for motorists approaching entrance and exit ramps; monitoring and intervention programs for wrong-way collisions; and in-vehicle driver support systems.
In an increasingly globalised world, despite reductions in costs and time, transportation has become even more important as a facilitator of economic and human interaction; this is reflected in technical advances in transportation systems, increasing interest in how transportation interacts with society and the need to provide novel approaches to understanding its impacts. This has become particularly acute with the impact that Covid-19 has had on transportation across the world, at local, national and international levels. Encyclopedia of Transportation, Seven Volume Set - containing almost 600 articles - brings a cross-cutting and integrated approach to all aspects of transportation from a variety of interdisciplinary fields including engineering, operations research, economics, geography and sociology in order to understand the changes taking place. Emphasising the interaction between these different aspects of research, it offers new solutions to modern-day problems related to transportation. Each of its nine sections is based around familiar themes, but brings together the views of experts from different disciplinary perspectives. Each section is edited by a subject expert who has commissioned articles from a range of authors representing different disciplines, different parts of the world and different social perspectives. The nine sections are structured around the following themes: Transport Modes; Freight Transport and Logistics; Transport Safety and Security; Transport Economics; Traffic Management; Transport Modelling and Data Management; Transport Policy and Planning; Transport Psychology; Sustainability and Health Issues in Transportation. Some articles provide a technical introduction to a topic whilst others provide a bridge between topics or a more future-oriented view of new research areas or challenges. The end result is a reference work that offers researchers and practitioners new approaches, new ways of thinking and novel solutions to problems. All-encompassing and expertly authored, this outstanding reference work will be essential reading for all students and researchers interested in transportation and its global impact in what is a very uncertain world. Provides a forward looking and integrated approach to transportation Updated with future technological impacts, such as self-driving vehicles, cyber-physical systems and big data analytics Includes comprehensive coverage Presents a worldwide approach, including sets of comparative studies and applications
Transportation officials continuously seek to prevent and reduce wrong-way crashes on interstate highways in the United States. These crashes typically have a high probability of head-on vehicle crashes, resulting in fatalities or serious injuries due to excessive vehicle speeds, and decreased room to maneuver because of fixed barriers or rough shoulders. This research project studied wrong-way crashes on interstate highways in Kansas in order to determine what, if any, statistically significant variables contribute to wrong-way driving crashes. Although these crashes represented only 0.05 percent of all vehicle crashes in Kansas in 2015, wrong-way crashes were found to have a higher rate of fatalities and injuries. In Kansas, 22.6 percent of all crashes and 56 percent of all wrong-way crashes resulted in fatalities and injuries, even though typical vehicle crashes in Kansas occur at non-intersection locations in daylight or in the presence of streetlights without negative factors of adverse weather conditions or drivers influenced by alcohol or drugs. Using crash data provided by the Kansas Department of Transportation from the years 2005 to 2015, the research team examined 372 wrong-way crashes. A cumulative logit statistical model was developed to identify significant characteristics of variables associated with each wrong-way crash. Results showed that driver not under the influence of alcohol or drugs was a significant characteristic in fatal and injury wrong-way crashes. Additionally, certain days of the week were associated with decreased vehicle crash rates when compared to the reference category.
Drivers who make wrong-way entries onto freeways pose a serious risk to the safety of other motorists and themselves. This report documents the recommended guidelines and best practices developed during the project. The research team based the guidelines and best practices on the results of the literature review, surveys, analysis of freeway-related wrong-way crashes in Texas, and evaluation of available countermeasures. This report also provides a wrong-way entry checklist for engineers and field crews to use for reviewing wrong-way entry issues or suspected problem locations. This checklist was based on one currently used by the California Department of Transportation with some additions based on project findings.
During this review process it was determined that research was needed to understand and develop effective countermeasures for wrong-way movements onto freeways and other restricted roads. This research provides TxDOT staff with preventative measures for reducing the frequency and severity of wrong-way entries onto freeway facilities throughout Texas. Researchers performed the following tasks during the project: established state-of-the-practice on safety, design, and operational issues for wrong-way movement on freeways; surveyed state DOTs to get information on typical wrong-way signing and marking and any innovative practices; quantified the frequency, severity, and other important characteristics of wrong-way crashes in Texas based on a review of crash reports and coordination with 911 public safety answering points; identified available countermeasures to reduce wrong-way movements and crashes; evaluated the feasibility and applicability of the available countermeasures to address Texas problems; documented typical situations that were more likely to produce wrong-way entry issues; developed guidelines/recommended practices for application of wrong-way countermeasures and treatments; and developed a checklist for field crews to use for reviewing wrong-way entry issues or suspected problem locations.
"Requiring no prior knowledge of correspondence analysis, this text provides anontechnical introduction to Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) as a method in its own right. The authors, Brigitte Le Roux and Henry Rouanet, present the material in a practical manner, keeping the needs of researchers foremost in mind." "This supplementary text isappropriate for any graduate-level, intermediate, or advanced statistics course across the social and behavioral sciences, as well as forindividual researchers." --Book Jacket.