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This volume is the first one that gives a systematic and self-contained introduction to the theory of symplectic Dirac operators and reflects the current state of the subject. At the same time, it is intended to establish the idea that symplectic spin geometry and symplectic Dirac operators may give valuable tools in symplectic geometry and symplectic topology, which have become important fields and very active areas of mathematical research.
In its traditional form, Clifford analysis provides the function theory for solutions of the Dirac equation. From the beginning, however, the theory was used and applied to problems in other fields of mathematics, numerical analysis, and mathematical physics. recently, the theory has enlarged its scope considerably by incorporating geometrical methods from global analysis on manifolds and methods from representation theory. New, interesting branches of the theory are based on conformally invariant, first-order systems other than the Dirac equation, or systems that are invariant with respect to a group other than the conformal group. This book represents an up-to-date review of Clifford analysis in its present form, its applications, and directions for future research. Readership: Mathematicians and theoretical physicists interested in Clifford analysis itself, or in its applications to other fields.
When visiting M.I.T. for two weeks in October 1994, Victor Guillemin made me enthusiastic about a problem in symplectic geometry which involved the use of the so-called spin-c Dirac operator. Back in Berkeley, where I had l spent a sabbatical semester , I tried to understand the basic facts about this operator: its definition, the main theorems about it, and their proofs. This book is an outgrowth of the notes in which I worked this out. For me this was a great learning experience because of the many beautiful mathematical structures which are involved. I thank the Editorial Board of Birkhauser, especially Haim Brezis, for sug gesting the publication of these notes as a book. I am also very grateful for the suggestions by the referees, which have led to substantial improvements in the presentation. Finally I would like to express special thanks to Ann Kostant for her help and her prodding me, in her charming way, into the right direction. J.J. Duistermaat Utrecht, October 16, 1995.
This book presents a comprehensive treatment of important new ideas on Dirac operators and Dirac cohomology. Using Dirac operators as a unifying theme, the authors demonstrate how some of the most important results in representation theory fit together when viewed from this perspective. The book is an excellent contribution to the mathematical literature of representation theory, and this self-contained exposition offers a systematic examination and panoramic view of the subject. The material will be of interest to researchers and graduate students in representation theory, differential geometry, and physics.
The goal of these notes is to provide a fast introduction to symplectic geometry for graduate students with some knowledge of differential geometry, de Rham theory and classical Lie groups. This text addresses symplectomorphisms, local forms, contact manifolds, compatible almost complex structures, Kaehler manifolds, hamiltonian mechanics, moment maps, symplectic reduction and symplectic toric manifolds. It contains guided problems, called homework, designed to complement the exposition or extend the reader's understanding. There are by now excellent references on symplectic geometry, a subset of which is in the bibliography of this book. However, the most efficient introduction to a subject is often a short elementary treatment, and these notes attempt to serve that purpose. This text provides a taste of areas of current research and will prepare the reader to explore recent papers and extensive books on symplectic geometry where the pace is much faster. For this reprint numerous corrections and clarifications have been made, and the layout has been improved.
The contents of this monograph fall within the general area of nonlinear functional analysis and applications. We focus on an important topic within this area: geometric properties of Banach spaces and nonlinear iterations, a topic of intensive research e?orts, especially within the past 30 years, or so. In this theory, some geometric properties of Banach spaces play a crucial role. In the ?rst part of the monograph, we expose these geometric properties most of which are well known. As is well known, among all in?nite dim- sional Banach spaces, Hilbert spaces have the nicest geometric properties. The availability of the inner product, the fact that the proximity map or nearest point map of a real Hilbert space H onto a closed convex subset K of H is Lipschitzian with constant 1, and the following two identities 2 2 2 ||x+y|| =||x|| +2 x,y +||y|| , (?) 2 2 2 2 ||?x+(1??)y|| = ?||x|| +(1??)||y|| ??(1??)||x?y|| , (??) which hold for all x,y? H, are some of the geometric properties that char- terize inner product spaces and also make certain problems posed in Hilbert spaces more manageable than those in general Banach spaces. However, as has been rightly observed by M. Hazewinkel, “... many, and probably most, mathematical objects and models do not naturally live in Hilbert spaces”. Consequently,toextendsomeoftheHilbertspacetechniquestomoregeneral Banach spaces, analogues of the identities (?) and (??) have to be developed.
This book could have been entitled “Analysis and Geometry.” The authors are addressing the following issue: Is it possible to perform some harmonic analysis on a set? Harmonic analysis on groups has a long tradition. Here we are given a metric set X with a (positive) Borel measure ? and we would like to construct some algorithms which in the classical setting rely on the Fourier transformation. Needless to say, the Fourier transformation does not exist on an arbitrary metric set. This endeavor is not a revolution. It is a continuation of a line of research whichwasinitiated,acenturyago,withtwofundamentalpapersthatIwould like to discuss brie?y. The ?rst paper is the doctoral dissertation of Alfred Haar, which was submitted at to University of Gottingen ̈ in July 1907. At that time it was known that the Fourier series expansion of a continuous function may diverge at a given point. Haar wanted to know if this phenomenon happens for every 2 orthonormal basis of L [0,1]. He answered this question by constructing an orthonormal basis (today known as the Haar basis) with the property that the expansion (in this basis) of any continuous function uniformly converges to that function.
This is a new volume of the Séminaire de Probabilités which is now in its 43rd year. Following the tradition, this volume contains about 20 original research and survey articles on topics related to stochastic analysis. It contains an advanced course of J. Picard on the representation formulae for fractional Brownian motion. The regular chapters cover a wide range of themes, such as stochastic calculus and stochastic differential equations, stochastic differential geometry, filtrations, analysis on Wiener space, random matrices and free probability, as well as mathematical finance. Some of the contributions were presented at the Journées de Probabilités held in Poitiers in June 2009.
How did Pierre Fatou and Gaston Julia create what we now call Complex Dynamics, in the context of the early twentieth century and especially of the First World War? The book is based partly on new, unpublished sources. Who were Pierre Fatou, Gaston Julia, Paul Montel? New biographical information is given on the little known mathematician that was Pierre Fatou. How did the WW1 injury of Julia influence mathematical life in France? From the reviews of the French version: "Audin’s book is ... filled with marvelous biographical information and analysis, dealing not just with the men mentioned in the book’s title but a large number of other players, too ... [It] addresses itself to scholars for whom the history of mathematics has a particular resonance and especially to mathematicians active, or even with merely an interest, in complex dynamics. ... presents it all to the reader in a very appealing form." (Michael Berg, The Mathematical Association of America, October 2009)
The tradition of specialized courses in the Séminaires de Probabilités is continued with A. Lejay's Another introduction to rough paths. Other topics from this 42nd volume range from the interface between analysis and probability to special processes, Lévy processes and Lévy systems, branching, penalization, representation of Gaussian processes, filtrations and quantum probability.