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This second edition of an Artech House classic title describes in detail the relationship between radiometry and photometry. It covers information needed to solve problems in radiation transfer and detection, detectors, measuring instruments, and concepts in colorimetry. This revised second edition presents an updated treatment of modern radiometry and photometry, including brand new sections on applications and developments in light sources and scientific instruments for measuring radiation and light. Engineers are also provided with an exciting new chapter on the use of computerized optical ray tracing for “virtual” experiments on optical systems.
Radiometry is an essential part of the optical design of virtually every optical instrument, and key to many applications. It is also used to measure the radiation of various objects. This tutorial examines both the techniques of calculating radiative transfer and the measurement of fluxes and radiometric properties of various sorts.
This introduction provides ready access for the engineer or scientist who needs a one-stop source of information on radiometry and photometry. In clear and concise style, Introduction to Radiometry and Photometry describes in detail: the relationship between radiometry and photometry; the four fundamental concepts in radiometry and their photometric counterparts; the basic information needed to solve problems in radiation transfer and detection; detectors; measuring instruments; and concepts in colorimetry.
This accessible handbook demonstrates how reflected light can be measured and used to investigate the properties of Solar System objects.
Radiometric Calibration: Theory and Methods contains an engineering development of the theories and methods of radiometric calibration. This book is organized into 18 chapters. Chapters I to V present an introduction to nomenclature, radiation geometry, and blackbody radiation that serves to simplify the discussion of the calibration theory. The rest of the chapters provide the theory of sensor calibration, reviewing numerous examples in which laboratory equipment and specific techniques are described. Algorithms are also covered for digital computer processing as appropriate for each functional aspect of sensor characterization. This publication is intended for engineers and applied physicists concerned with sensor calibration and the interpretation of sensor data.
The field of radiometry can be dangerous territory to the uninitiated, faced with the risk of errors and pitfalls. The concepts and tools explored in this book empower readers to comprehensively analyse, design, and optimise real-world systems. This book builds on the foundation of solid theoretical understanding, and strives to provide insight into hidden subtleties in radiometric analysis. Atmospheric effects provide opportunity for a particularly rich set of intriguing observations. The term 'radiometry' is used in its wider context to specifically cover the calculation of flux. This wider definition is commonly used by practitioners in the field to cover all forms of manipulation, including creation, measurement, calculation, modeling, and simulation of optical flux. Two concurrent themes frame the discussion: fragmenting a complex problem into simple building blocks and then designing complex systems from smaller elements. Analysis and design, as a creative synthesis of something new, cannot be easily taught other than by example; for this purpose, several case studies are presented.This book also provides a number of problems, some with solutions demonstrated in Matlab(R) and the Python' pyradi toolkit.
This book deals with the practice of Optical Radiation Measurements with introductory material to introduce the topics discussed. It will be most useful for students, scientists and engineers working in any academic, industrial or governmental projects related to optical radiation. The book contains chapters that treat in detail the procedures and techniques for the characterization of both sources and detectors to the highest degree of accuracy and reliability. It has a chapter devoted specifically to optical measurements of laser sources and fiberoptics for communication and a chapter devoted to uncertainty in measurement and its treatment with real examples of optical measurements. The book contains introductory materials that will allow a newcomer to radiometry to develop the expertise to perform exacting and accurate measurement. The authors stress the various causes of uncertainty in each phase of a measurement and thus allow for users to arrive at a correct assessment of their uncertainty of measurement in their particular circumstance. · Authors are from the Standards laboratories of AUSTRALIA, CANADA, ENGLAND, GERMANY and the USA. · Latest techniques and practice of laboratory measurements to achieve the highest accuracy in the use of sources or detectors. · Unique illustrations of the apparatus and measurement techniques. · Practical measurement examples of calibration with full uncertainty analysis. · Comprehensive treatment of optical standards such as sources, detectors and radiometers. · A complete chapter on laser power measurements and standards for fiber optic measurements · A complete chapter on correlations in radiometry and practical examples. · A chapter devoted to diffraction effects in radiometry
Introduction to Nonimaging Optics covers the theoretical foundations and design methods of nonimaging optics, as well as key concepts from related fields. This fully updated, revised, and expanded Second Edition: Features a new and intuitive introduction with a basic description of the advantages of nonimaging optics Adds new chapters on wavefronts for a prescribed output (irradiance or intensity), infinitesimal étendue optics (generalization of the aplanatic optics), and Köhler optics and color mixing Incorporates new material on the simultaneous multiple surface (SMS) design method in 3-D, integral invariants, and étendue 2-D Contains 21 chapters, 24 fully worked and several other examples, and 1,000+ illustrations, including photos of real devices Addresses applications ranging from solar energy concentration to illumination engineering Introduction to Nonimaging Optics, Second Edition invites newcomers to explore the growing field of nonimaging optics, while providing seasoned veterans with an extensive reference book.
New material on computerized optical processes, computerized ray tracing, and the fast Fourier transform, Bibre-Bragg sensors, and temporal phase unwrapping. * New introductory sections to all chapters. * Detailed discussion on lasers and laser principles, including an introduction to radiometry and photometry. * Thorough coverage of the CCD camera.
Rapidly evolving computer and communications technologies have achieved data transmission rates and data storage capacities high enough for digital video. But video involves much more than just pushing bits! Achieving the best possible image quality, accurate color, and smooth motion requires understanding many aspects of image acquisition, coding, processing, and display that are outside the usual realm of computer graphics. At the same time, video system designers are facing new demands to interface with film and computer system that require techniques outside conventional video engineering. Charles Poynton's 1996 book A Technical Introduction to Digital Video became an industry favorite for its succinct, accurate, and accessible treatment of standard definition television (SDTV). In Digital Video and HDTV, Poynton augments that book with coverage of high definition television (HDTV) and compression systems. For more information on HDTV Retail markets, go to: http://www.insightmedia.info/newsletters.php#hdtv With the help of hundreds of high quality technical illustrations, this book presents the following topics: * Basic concepts of digitization, sampling, quantization, gamma, and filtering * Principles of color science as applied to image capture and display * Scanning and coding of SDTV and HDTV * Video color coding: luma, chroma (4:2:2 component video, 4fSC composite video) * Analog NTSC and PAL * Studio systems and interfaces * Compression technology, including M-JPEG and MPEG-2 * Broadcast standards and consumer video equipment